Order 70.— COMPOSITE. 4*73 



lvs. large, irregularly toothed, petioles winged, lower ones oblong-ovate, somewhat 

 hastate or deltoid, upper oblong-lanceolate ; hds. nodding, in small, pedunculate 

 and panicled clusters; invol. hairy, of 11 to 14 scales, with 25 to 35 fis. ; pappus 

 tawny. — Fields and thickets, W. Status. One of the largest species. St. 5 to Sf 

 high. Lvs. 4 to 12' by 1\ to 7', obtuse or acute. Hda. largo but not numerous, 

 with brown scales and yellowish fls. Aug. — Oct. 



108. TROX'IMON, Nutt. (Gr. rpw^juoc, eatable ; applied to this 

 genus with little propriety.) Ilcads many-flowered ; involucre cam- 

 pamilate, scales loosely imbricate, lance-ovate, membranous, in 2 to 3 

 rows ; achenia oblong-linear, compressed, glabrous, not rostrate ; pappus 

 setaceous, copious, white. — U Lvs. all radical. Scape bearing a single, 

 large, showy hd. with yellow fls. 



T. cuspidatum Ph. Rt. fusiform ; lvs. linear-lanceolate, acuminate, margins 

 tomentoua, often undulate ; scales acuminate-cuspidate, erect, smooth, in 2 series, 

 the outer nearly equal to the inner. Prairie3, Wise. (Lapham), 111. (Mead.), "W. 

 to the Rocky Mts. (Nuttall). Apr. — Jn. (T. marginatum Nutt.) 



109. TARAX'ACUM, Desf. Dandelion. (Gr. rapdiCTLKOc, cathar- 

 tic ; from its medicinal properties.) Involucre double, the outer of 

 email scales much shorter than the inner, appressed row ; receptaclo 

 naked ; achenia produced into a long beak crowned with the copious, 

 white, capillary pappus. — Acaulescent herbs, with runcinate lvs. 



T. Dens-leonis Less. Outer scales of the involucro reflexed; lvs. runcinate, 

 smooth, dentate. — If In all open situation, blossoming at all seasons except win- 

 ter. Lvs. all radical, the teeth or lobes bent backwards. After tho (lower Is 

 dosed and decayed, the hollow scape rises higher and bears a head of fruit full 

 fledged, the airy, globular form of which is very conspicuous in the tall grass. Tho 

 leaves in Spring furnish an excellent pot herb. Apr. — Nov. § Eur. (Leoutodon 

 Taraxacum L.) (Fig. 324.) 



110. PYRROPAP'PUS, DC. False Dandelion. (Gr. Trvppoc, flame- 

 colored ; TraTrrroc, pappus.) Involucre double, the outer row numerous, 

 loose and spreading ; receptaclo naked ; achenia 5-grooved, at length 

 long-beaked, bearing a copious, soft capillary, reddish pappus. — (T) and 

 If Lids, solitary on long peduncles, large, with numerous deep yellow 

 fls. (Borkhausia, Nutt.) 



P. Carolinianus DC. St. simple or branched, scape-liko; lvs. mostly radical, 

 lanceolate, acute, sinuate-toothed, lobed, or pinnatifid, some or all of them often 

 entire. — Fields and pastures, very common. Sts. with 1 to 3 small lvs, 6 to 20' 

 high. Outer scales subulate-filiform, inner linear. Ach. oblong, beak filiform, 

 longer (7'') than the showy pappus. lids, in flower 18" to 2' broad, turning to 

 tho morning sun. Mar. — Jl. 



111. LYGODES'MIA, Don. (Gr. Xvyoc, a wand, deo/wc, a bond; 

 alluding to its slender habit.) Involucre, flowers, Arc, as in Nabalus, 

 except that the pappus is very copious, soft, smooth, whitish, and the 

 corollas rose-colored. — In habit remarkably different from Nabalus, with 

 linear-subulate lvs. and erect hds. on long, naked peduncles. (Prenan- 

 thes, Nutt.) 



L aphylla DC. St. scape-like, erect, slender, striate, onco or twice forked abovo: 

 lvs. nearly all radical, short, linear-filiform. — Pine woods, Ga., Fla. (Mettauer.) 

 St. 2f high. Hds. few, cylindrical, the invol. 10" long; cor. showy, exserted 

 about the samo length. Root lvs. 6 to 10' long. May. 



112. LACTITCA, Tourn. Lettuce. (Lat. lac, milk ; from the milky, 

 abundant juice.) Involucro few-flowered, scales imbricated in 2 or 

 more unecpual rows ; achenia obcomprcssed (flattened same way as the 



