+80 Order 73.— ERICACEAE. 



regular, 4 to 5-cleft, the petals rarely distinct Stamens as many or twice as many 

 as the petals, (ree, Iiypogynous. Anthers 2-celled, generally open by pores, often 

 appendaged. Pollen (except in Mouotropea?) compounded of 4 united grains. Em* 

 Iryo straight, lying in the axis of, or iu the end of fleshy albumen, lliust. in figs 

 38, 45, 110, 203, 320, 345, 350, 355. 



Gene n CG, specie* 10S6, dispersed throughout nil countries, but comparatively rare in the 

 torrid zone. The truoEricacea- (Heaths), are chiefly natives of the Capo of Good Hope, there 

 being none in Asia, New Holland, and but ono or two in America. The Tribe Vaccines aro 

 ohiefly natives of N. America. 



Properties. — The Ileathworts are, in general, astringent and diuretic. Some of them yield a 

 stimulating and aromatic resinous matter. The Bearberry, (Arctostaphylos Uva-uisi) is a well 

 known remedy in nephritic complaints. An infusion of tuo leaves is astringent, demulcent 

 and diuiytic. Similar properties are also possessed by tho Pipsissiwa (Chimaplilia umbellata). 

 The speeds of Rhododendron and Kalmia are pervaded by a narcot c principle, rendering them 

 (particularly their leaves) often actively poisonous. Tho honey collected from their flowers by 

 the bees appears so have been so to some of the soldiers in the. retreat of the immortal ten thou- 

 sand (Xenophon's Anabasis). Tho berries of tlio Vaccines (Whortleberries, Blueberries and 

 Cranberries.) and of Gaultheria procumbens (spicy Wintcrgreen) are esculent and wholesome. 



The true position of our suborders Cyrilleaj and Galactose is not known. We follow Ho Can- 

 tlolle in appending them to Ericaccsa rather from convenience, as their habit certainly points to 

 this order. 



SUBORDERS AXD GENERA. 



I. VACCINEJE. S'irubs. Calyx adherent. Fruit a berry crowned by the calyx teeth. (*) 



* Erect shrubs with 5-parted flowers and 10-seeded fruit Gaylissacia. 1 



* Erect shrubs with 5-parted flowers ami co-seeded fruit. No resinous dots. .Vaccinium. 2 



* Trailing shrubs. Corolla deeply 4-clcft, — refle.xed. Fruit red Oxycoccus. 3 



— spreading. Fruit white Ciiiogenes. 4 



II. ERICINEyE. Shrubs or trees. Calyxfrce. Corolla and stamens Iiypogynous. Sds. 00. (a) 

 a Flowers 4-parted, stamens S. Capsule 4-celled, — loculicidal Erica. 5 



— septicidal. (b). (No. 13.) 

 a Flowers 5-parted, petals distinct or very nearly polypetalous. (f) 

 ft Flowers 5-parted, petals united, — monopetalous. (b) 



b Corolla saucer-form, holding tho anthers in 10 pits Kalmia. 



b Corolla salver-form, very fragrant. Trailing shrublct Epicsa. 7 



b Corolla funnel- or bell-form, with spreading lobes, (e) 



b Corolla urceolato (ovoid, cylindric or globular), lobes small, (c) 



C Fruit fleshy, the matured ovary 5-seeded Ar.CTosTAniYLOS. 8 



C Fruit fleshy, the matured calyx CO -seeded Gaultheria. 9 



C Fruit dry, capsular, opening into the cells (loculicidal). (d) 



d Shrublet moss-like, with linear leaves. Valves Si-cleft Cassiope. 10 



d Shrubs with ample leaves. Valves entire Anokomeda. 11 



d Tree with ample leaves and slender racemes Oxydendrum. 13 



C Fruit dry, capsular, opening between tho cells Menzibsia. 13 



O Stamens 5, included. Plant and leaves very small Loibeleueia. 14 



O Stamens 5 (rarely more), long-exserted. Corolla funnel-form Azalea. 15 



C Stamens 10 (rarely fewer), exscrted. Corolla bell-form Rhododendron. 16 



f Corolla very irregular, open before tho leaves appear Riiodora. 17 



f Corolla regular, — T-petaled. Stamens 11 Befaeia. 16 



— 5-potaled. — Capsule 5-cellod Ledum. 19 



— Capsule 3-cellod. — Fls. umbeled Leiopiiyllum. 20 



— Fls. racemed Clktiira. 21 



III. OYEILLEyE. Shrubs. Cal. frco. Pet. and stam. Iiypogynous. Cells of caps 1 -seeded, (g) 



g Flowers 4-parted, with S stamens and a 2-celled capsule Elliottii. 22 



g Flowers 5-parted, — with 5 stamens and a 2-celled capsule Cyrilla. 23 



— with 10 stamens. Capsule 3-celled, 2-winged Mylocakiitm. 24 



XV. PTROLE^E. Herbs evergreen, woody. Cal. free. Pet. 5, distinct. Testa of sd. loose, (it) 



li Flowers racemed, many. Herbs nearly acaulescent Pykola. 25 



h. Flowers solitary (one only) Herb low, acaulescent Moseses. 26 



]i Flowers umbeled, few. Stems ascending. Stylo very short Ciumapiula. 27 



Y? GALACINE.E. Herb evergreen, aucauleseent. Filaments 10, monadelphous, 



alternately sterile ; anthers 5, one-celled. Capsule 3-eelled, CO -seeded Galax. 28 



VI. MONOTROPE-E. Herbs leafless, verdureless, with scale-like bracts, (k) 



k Corolla polypetalous. Plant white, reddish or tawny Monotropa. 29 



k Corolla monopetalous,— campanulate, in a short spike Sciiweinitzia. 80 



—ovoid, in a looso raceme Ptkeospoea. 81 



