602 Order 78.— PRIMULAOE^EJ. 



sort of umbel from the top of the stem, 8 — 10' long, inflated between the joints, 

 Flowers small, white, in numerous verticils, generally 4 in each, subtended by a 

 lance-linear bract. Apr., (Fla.), Jn. (Mass.) (H. palustris Ph., nee L.) 



2. PRIM'ULA, L. Primrose. Auricula. (Lat. primus, first ; be- 

 cause its blossoms appear earliest in spring.) Calyx angular, 5-cleft ; 

 corolla salver-shaped or often rather funnel-shaped, with 5 entire or 

 notched or bifid lobes ; stamens included, filaments very short ; cap- 

 sule ovoid, 5-valved, valves often bifid, opening at the top, co-seeded.-- 

 Herbs (mostly European) with the lvs. all radical and fis. in an in- 

 volucrate umbel, often showy. 



* Plants native, wild. Corolla salver-form, abruptly spreading Nos. 1, 9 



* Planes exotic, cultivated, (a^ 



a Corolla salvor-form. — Tho lobes abruptly spreading Nos. 3,4 



a Corolla funnel form. — Leaves rugous, hairy, toothed Nos. 5, 8 



— Leaves plain, smooth, often entire Nos. 7, 8 



X P. Mistassfnica Mx. Lvs. spatulate, dentate or crenate, obtuse or acute, atten- 

 uate at base, green both sides ; invol. 1 — 8-flowered ; bracts 3 times shorter than 

 the pedicels, linear-subulate ; cal. much shorter than tho tube of the corolla ; cor. 

 salver-form, lobes obcordate. — Shores of Seneca Lake, N. Y. (Dr. Sartwell), Lake 

 Willoughby, Vt and throughout Brit Am. A very delicate plant, 3 to 7' high. 

 Leaves about 5, 5 — 8" by 3 — 4", almost pctiolato. Flowers 5 ' diani., while. 

 Pedicels 7" in length. 



2 P. farinosa L. /i. Americana, Torr. Bird's-eye Primrose. Lvs. narrow, 

 veiny, elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, denticulate at apex, attenuate at base, under 

 surface covered with a yellowish-white, farinaceous dust ; invol. farinaceous, 3 — 20- 

 flowered, shorter than the pedicels; bracts long-acuminate; cal. segments lanceo- 

 late, acato ; cor. salver-form, lobes obcordate, bifid, obtuse. — Shores of Lakes 

 Huron and Superior (Nutt.. Houghton), N. to lat. GG°. Scape 6—12' high. 

 Flowers pale purple, yellow in the center. 



3 P. grandiflora Lam. Common Primrose. — Lvs. cbovate, oblong, rugous, 

 villous beneath, toothed ; umbel radical ; 11. stalks as long as the leaves ; cor. flat, 



— U Native of Europe. An interesting garden plant, esteemed for its early flow- 

 ering, and for its being prolific in variation. In its wild state its flowers are yel- 

 low and single, but by cultivation they become double, and in the numerous 

 varieties, red, pink, white, orange, purple, &c., and tho umbels, in numerous in- 

 stances, are on a scape. Apr. \ (P. vulgaris Iluds.) 



4 P. purpurea Royl. Lvs. lanceolate, obtuse, very smooth, covered beneath 

 with yellowish farina, margin undulate, revoluto ; scapo thick, glabrous, longer 

 than the leaves ; invol. co-flowered, as long as the pedicels, farinaceous beneath ; 

 cor. segments obovate, obtuse, not cmarginato. — Native of the mountains of Na> 

 paul, Asia. Flowers dark purple, f 



5 P. officinalis Jaeq. Cowslip Primrose. Lvs. toothed, rugous, hairy 

 beneath; umbels mauy-flowored, flowers all nodding; cal. angular; cor. concavs. 



— 21 Native of Britain. Fiovvers yellow. Plant smells strongly of anise. Leaves 

 are used as a potherb, and are recommended for feeding silk-worms. Its varie- 

 ties may bo increased by raising from the seed. Jn. f (P. veris Cam.) 



6 P. elatior Jacq. Ox-lip Primrose. — Lvs. toothed, rugous, hairy on each 

 side; umbel many-flowered, with the outer flowers nodding; cor. flat. — If Native 

 of Britain. Flowers yellow, scentless, in a simple umbel elevated upon a scapo a 

 foot high. Apr., May. f 



7 P. auricula L. Auricula. Lvs. obovate, entire or serrate, fleshy ; scape 

 many-flowered, central, as long as tho leaves ; invol. of short leaves ; cal. pou* 

 dery. — 1[ Native of the Alps. A well known favorite of the florist. Tho culti- 

 vated varieties are innumerable, and many of them of exquisite beauty and 

 fragrance. May. f 



8 P. calycina Duby. Lvs. lanceolate, thin, smooth, entire, acute, surrounded 

 with a white margin; invol. 3 — 5-flowered, as long as the pedicels ; cal. tube ven- 

 tricous ; cor. lobes obcordate, emargiuate. — Native of Mts. in Austria- Flowera 

 purple, very beautiful. \ 



