516 Order 86.— SCROPHULARIACE^. 



ocmirnon name of the Jessamine.) Calyx 5-parted, lobes oblorjcr ; cor- 

 olla funnel-form, with 5, short, rounded lobes, quincunnctial in bud * 

 filaments 5, on the corolla ; ovary smooth, short-stiped ; stvle filiform ; 

 fcti^mas 2, each 2-parted, and with the anthers dimorphous, i. c. in 

 some plants the stamens exceed the stigmas, in others the stigmas ex- 

 ceed the stamens, as in Houstouia; capsule twin, compressed, with a very 

 narrow dissepiment (or ?), valves each 2 -cleft at top, cells few (4 to 6)- 

 seeded, seeds winged. — Shrub slender, smooth, climbing, with evergreen 

 lvs. and large, showy yellow fls. Stip. reduced to a laised rim. 

 Cr. sempervirens Ait "Woods and banks of streams, Ya. to Ala. and Fla^ very 

 abundant. A slender vine, twining and overrunning bushe3 and low trees, and 

 profusely flowering. Lvs. coriaceous, shining, revolute at ed<je, lanceolate, acute 

 at each end. short-petioled. Cor. tube 1' long, of a rich golden yellow. In one 

 variety the stamens equal the corolla and the style but half as long ; in the other 

 vice versa (a fact first pointed oat to the author "by Professor Pond, March, 1857). 

 Fls. in Mar. — May. 



Order LXXXVI. SCROPHULARIACE^E. Figworts. 



Herbs chiefly, without fragrance, the leave3 and inflorescence various. Flowerr 

 irregular, 5-merous, didynamous or diandrous (rarely pentandrous). Calyx free from 

 the ovary, persistent. CoroUa monopetalous, imbricated in bud. Stamens inserted 

 in the tube of the corolla, 1 or 3 of them usually rudimentary. Ovary free, 2-ctlled, 

 with 1 style, a 2-lobed stigma, and becoming in fruit a 2-celled, many-seeded cap- 

 sule, with axile placentas. Seeds albuminous. (Fig. 204, 326, 362, 399, 427, 463.) 



Genera ISO, specie* 1300, abundant in every part of the world, from the equator to tfco 

 regions of perpetual frost. Tuey constitute about 1-36 of the Putenogamia of N. America. 



Properties. — Generally p.criil, titter and deleterious plants. The most remarkable officinal 

 qteeiesof the tribe is the Foxglove (Dig.talis), which exercises a wonderful control over the 

 Action of the heart, Tn regulating its pulsations. It is also employed in cases of dropsy, hemor- 

 rhage. iVc. Taken in excess it speedily causes death. The Veronica Virginica (Culver's Physic) 

 and Linaria vulgaris (Toad-flix) are purgative and emetic Numerous species are cultivated fot 

 ornament. Many are parotitic and turn black in drying. 



SUBOHDERS, TRIBES AHD GENERA. 

 ^ Leaves alternate (in one garden plant mostly opposite, No. C.) (*) 



* Inflorescunce compound, centrifugal, (Showy garden exotics.) (Tribe 1.) 



* Inflor. simple, centripetal. — Stamens 5. Corolla rotate. (Tribe S.) 



— Stam. 4. Corolla spurred or saccate at base. (Tribe 4, a) 

 — Stam. 4. Climbing vines, in gardens. (Tril>c 4, b) 

 — Stam. 4 or 2. Herbs small, creeping, leaves linear. (Tribe Tj 

 — Stam. 4 or 2. Herbs erect. Cor. not galeate, (Tribe 6) 

 — Stam. 4. Cor. upper lip galeate, vaulted. (Tribe 12, n) 

 ^ Leaves opposite (or in one southern species, scattered No. 29). (2) 



2 Stamens 2, included. Corolla 2-lobed, the lower inflated. (Tribe 2) 



'A Stamens 2, included. Corolla tubular, labiate. (Tribe 6, f) 



2 Stamens 2, exserted. Corolla rotate or 6«lver-forai. (Tribe 9) 



2 stamens 4, perfect, the fifth rudiment about as large, conspicuous. (Tribo 5, c) 



2 Stamens 4, perfect, the fifth rudiment minute or none. (3) 



3 Inflorescence compound, in panicles or vcrticillasters. (Tribe G, c) 

 3 Inflorescence simple. — Corolla labiate, not galeate. (Trihe C, e) 

 — Corolla labiate, and galeate. (Tribe 12, o) 

 — Corolla salver-form. Anthers 1 -celled. (Tribe 10) 

 —Corolla bell or funntl-forcn, &c. Anthers 2-colled. (Tribe II) 

 X. BALPIGLOS3IDE.S. (Corolla in bud plicate at the clefts. Inflorescence centrifugal.) 



Teibs 1. Salpiglosse^e. — Stamen3 2. Corolla deeply cleft „Schiza>thcs. 1 



— Stamens 4. Corolla salver-form, tube long Beo walu a . 5 



II. ANTIEP.IIINIDEJ2. (Corolla in bud imbricate, upper lip covering the lower). 



Teibc 2. Calceolaeik.k. Iud:»re3ccnoc coin^ »un 1. Calyx 4-cleft Calceolaria, f 



Tsloe 3. Yeebascex. Inflorescence simple, centripetal. Cor. rotate Veebasccil 4 



