Order 99.—OLEACE^. 599 



3. FORSYTHIA, Vahfc Calyx very short, companulate, 4-parted, 

 deciduous; corolla somewhat bell-shaped, lobes twisted in the bud ; 

 stamens 2, inserted in the bottom of the tube, included ; ovary 2-celled, 

 cells co-ovuled ; capsule ovoid, 2-celled; seeds many, pendulous, nar- 

 rowly winged. — Shrub with opposite branches and scaly buds. 



F. suspensa Vahl. — Shrubberies, comn, Lvs. often in whorls of 3s or 4.->, 

 petiolate, simple or pinnately divided, serrate. Fls. preceding the leaves, ono 

 from a bud, pedieelled, yellow, with long lobes, f China. (Syringa, Thunb.) 



4. CHIONANTHUS, L. Virginia Fringe Tree. {Gy. %i6v, snow, 

 dvOog ; fls. snow-white.) Calyx 4-parted, short ; cor. tube very short, 

 limb 4-parted, lobes linear, elongated ; sta. 2, inserted into the cor. 

 tube, included ; sty. very short; drupe fleshy ; putamen bony, 1-celled, 

 1-seeded. — Trees with opposite leaves. Branehlets compressed. Ra- 

 cemes terminal and axillary. 



C. Virginica L. Lvs. oval and oblong-lanceolato ; pedicels long, 1 -flowered; caL 

 glabrous ; cor. segm. linear, acute, flaccid. — A shrub or small tree, highly orna- 

 mental, in woods, S. Penn. to Fla., Ky., Tenn. Lvs. coriaceous, smooth, of va- 

 rious forms, oval, or ovate, rhombic, lanceolate, etc., on the same tree, 3 to C 

 long. Fls. in rather dense, pendulous panicles. Petals snow-white, 8 to 10'' in 

 length. Drupes oval, purple. Apr. — Jn. — Far South it is called Old-man' s-btard, 



5. LIGUS'TRUM, L. Privet. Prim. (Lat. ligo, to bind, from the 

 use made of its shoots.) Calyx minutely toothed ; cor. tube short, 

 limb with spreading, ovate lobes; sta. 2; sty. very short; berry 2- 

 cellcd, 2 — 4-seeded ; seeds convex on one side, angular on the other. — 

 Shrubs with simple lvs. Fls. in terminal panicles, tetramerous. 



L. vulgare L. Lvs. lanceolate and obovate, acute or obtuse, on short petioles ; pan- 

 icle dense, terminal. — A smooth shrub, 5 — 6f high, in woods and thickets. N. Y. 

 to Va., "W. to the Miss. Branches wand-liko with opposite, entire, smooth, dark 

 green leaves which are 1 — '2' long, 4- as wide, varying from obovate to elliptical, 

 with a rounded, obtuso or acute point. Flowers small, numerous, white. An- 

 thers large, exserted. Berries black, in conical bunches, bitter. It is said to 

 have been introduced from England where it is used for hedges. Hay, June. 



6. OSMANTHUS, Lour. (Gr. oo^, fragrance, dvOog.) Calyx short, 

 bell-shaped, 4-toothed ; corolla subrotatc, 4-parted ; anthers adnatc to 

 the inner side of the filaments ; style 2-parted, lobes thick, acute. — 

 Uabit of Olea. (Olea Thunb.) 



O. fragrans Lour. Lvs. elliptic-lanceolate, serrate, glabroui; corymbs or 

 panicles short, axillary, pedicels rather long ; style 2-parted. — Shrub with small, 

 white, very odorous flowers which aro said to be used by the Chineso to adulter- 

 ate and flavor tea. Tho fls. vary to red. f China and Japan. 



7. (TLEA, Tourn. Olive. (Gr. eXaia, Lat. olea, the Olive tree, 

 oliva, the fruit, oleum, the juice.) Calyx short, bell-shaped, 4-toothed ; 

 corolla tube short, limb 4-parted, flat, spreading ; stamens 2, inserted 

 in the bottom of the tube, opposite, exserted ; ovary 2-cellcd, 2 pendu- 

 lous ovules in each cell ; drupe fleshy, oily, shell bony, 2 or 1 -seeded by 

 abortion. — Trees or shrubs, with opposite, entire, coriaceous lvs. and 

 white, often fragrant fls. 



O. Americana L. Lvs. lanceolate-elliptic, entire, smooth and shining, acute, 

 attenuated to a petiole; rac. compound, as long as or longer than the petiole ; 

 bracts connate, persistent; fls. dioecious; fruit globular. — In the low country, Va. 

 to Fla. The American Olive is a tree 15 to 20f high. "Wood, fine-grained, hard, 

 and when dry difficult to split. Lvs. 1 or 5' long, petioles 1'. Fls. small, fra- 



