616 Order 106.— AMARANTACE^E. 



10. CHEN0P0DFNA, Moq. Glasswort. Flowers ? , bracteolate | 

 calyx urceolate, 5-parted, fleshy, in fruit subbaccate ; stamens 5 ; stigmas 

 2 or 3, sessile ; utricle depressed, inclosed in the calyx ; seed lenticular, 

 horizontal ; albumen 0, or scanty and divided into two portions above 

 and below the flat spiral embryo. — Smooth, maritime plants, with alter- 

 nate, sessile, fleshy lvs. and axillary fls. (Chonopodium, L.) 



C. marftima Moq. Brandies diffuse, prostrate or erect; lvs. long, linear, semi- 

 terete, upper shorter ; fls. in sessile axillary glomerules, 2 or 3 together ; fruit cal. 

 inflated; seed shining. — ;I) Salt marshes, Can. to Fla. Sts. 1 to 2t' long or high, 

 becoming woody at base, soathward. Lvs. 6 to 15' long, 1" thick, acute. Fla. 

 very small, green, with roundish calyx lobes. Utricle thin, semitransparent, con- 

 taining a black, shining seed. Aug. (C. maritima L. also Salsola linearis Ell.) 



ii. SAL/SOLA, Gaert. Saltwort. (Lat. sal, salt ; the plants con- 

 tain much alkaline salt.) Flowers $ , with 2 bractlets ; sepals 5, at 

 length winged horizontally on the back, forming a broad, scarious bor- 

 der ; stamens 5 ; styles 2, united at base ; utricle depressed, inclosed in 

 the base of the stellately 5-wingcd calyx; seed horizontal, globous ; 

 embryo spiral (cochleate) with no albumen. — Maritime, fleshy plants 

 with terete lvs. and axillary, sessile fls. 



S. Kali L. Herbaceous, decumbent ; lvs. alternate, subulate, channeled 1 , spinous, 

 smooth; fls. solitary; fruit-calyx wings larger than the sepals, orbicular, spread- 

 ing. — A rigid, prickly and very branching plant, of the sea-shore, Can. to Ga. 

 St. 1 to 2f high, diffuse. Lvs. about an inch long, sessile, ending with a spine. 

 Fls. green, succulent, sessile, bracteate, the wings in fruit pale roseate, 11'' long. 

 Seed with a thin testa and a green embryo coiled like a little snail shell. 

 /3. Caroliniana. Suberect, glabrous, often purplish; lvs. dilated at base; 

 fruit-calyx wings rose-purple.— Southward. (S. Carolinianai Walt.) 



Order CVI. AMAEANTACE^E. Amaranths. 



Herbs weed-liko with opposite or alternate leaves, and a bracteate, spiked or 

 capitato inflorescence. Flowers generally with an imbricated involucre of 3 dry, • 

 Bcarious bracts. Sepals 3 to 5 (rarely but 1), persistent and often colored, unchanged 

 in fruit. Stamens 3 to 5 fertile, hypogynous. Ovary compressed, 1 -celled, 1 to 00- 

 ovuled. Style 1. Fruit a utricle, caryopsis or berry. Seed vertrical, albuminous 

 Embryo annular. 



Illustrated in figs. IS8, 40G. 



Genera 40, species 4S0, most abundant within the tropics. Their properties are not important. 

 A few are cultivated for their richly-colored imperishable flowers ; other* are mere weeds. 



TRIBES AND GENERA. 



I. CELOSIE^E. Anthers 2-celIed. Ovary many-ovuled. (Cultivated) .... Celosia. 1 



II. ACllYltANTHEJE. Anthers 2-celled. Ovary one-ovuled. Leaves alternate. (*) 



* Flowers monoecious or polygamous. — Utricle circumscissile Amarantcs. 2 



— Utricle indchiscent Euxolws. 8 



* Flowers dioecious. — Utricle indehiscent and valveless Acnida. 4 



— Utricle dehiscent, circumscissile Monteu a. 5 



III. GOMPHRENEJ2. Anthers one-celled. Ovary one-ovuled. Leaves opposite, (a) 



a Sterile stamens none. — (Flowers white, paniculate) Iresine. 6 



a Sterile stamens none. — (Flowers crimson, &c. Capitate. Cultivated) Gompiirena. 7 



a Sterile stamens 5, the 5 fertile in a tube.— Heads axillary Telanthkra. S 



— Spikes terminal and axillary FEJiLieniA. 9 



1. CELOSIA, L. Coxcomb. (Gr. kt/Acoc, shining; characteristic of 

 the brilliant colors of some species.) Flowers perfect, 3-bracted ; calyx 

 of 5, erect-spreading sepals ; stamens 5 ; anthers 2-ceIled ; stigmas 2, 



