634 Order 114.— ARTOGARPACE^E. 



3. CEL'TIS, Tourn. Nettle Tree. Sugar-berry. (Celtis was 

 the ancient name for the Lotus.) Flowers monecio-polygamous. 6 

 Calyx G-parted ; stamens 6 ; $ calyx 5-parted ; stamens 5 ; style 2 ; 

 stigmas subulate, elongated, spreading ; drupe globular, 1-seeded, seed 

 with little albumen. — Trees or large shrubs. Lvs. mostly oblique at 

 base. Fls. subsolitaiy, axillary. 



1 C. occidentalis L. Trees ; lvs. ovate, subcordato or truncate, acuminate, en- 

 tire and unequal at base, serrate, rough above, and rough-hairy beneath ; pedun- 

 cle longer than tho petiole; sep. triangular-ovate, erect; fir. solitary. — Tree soma 

 30f high in N. Eng. where it is rarely found, much larger (3 to 5f diam., 50 to 70f 

 high) and more abundant South and "West. The trunk has a rough but unbroken 

 bark, with numerous slender, horizontal branches, forming a wide-spread and 

 denso top. Lvs. with a long acumination, and remarkably unequal at the broad 

 base. Fls. axillary, solitary, small and white, succeeded by a small, round drupa. 



/?. crassifolia. Lvs. thick, rough, serrate, cordate, dark green and mottled 

 above. Also a largo tree, tall in woods, wide-spread in open lands. Both 

 are often mistaken for Elms. 



y. integrifciLIA. Lvs. entire, thin, smooth ; bark smooth and unbroken. — 

 Banks of the Miss., St. Louis, to N. Orleans. "Wo have specimens with mast 

 of tho lvs. perfectly entire, some oa tho samo branch with 1 or 2 notches, 

 others notched a fourth of tho circuit, &c. (C. Mississippiensis Bosc.) 



2 C. pumila Ph. Shrub ; lvs. broadly ovate, acuto or slightly acuminate, partly 

 serrate, smooth on both sides, pubescent only when young ; fls. solitary ; sep. 

 mostly 6, oblong-linear, as long as the styles, horizontally spreading. — A straggling 

 shrub, 3 to lOf high, in hilly districts, Va. to Fla. (Chattahoochee). Flowering at 

 tho height of (2f Nutt) Gf. The peculiarity of the flower may perhaps entitle 

 this shrub to the rank of a species. Sep. near 2" long. Drupes glaucous black, 

 sweet. Mar. — May. 



Order CXIV. ARTOCARPACE^E. Artocarps. 



Trees or shrubs with a milky acrid or noxious juice, with largo deciduous stipules. 



Flowers S S or § , collected into dense heads or aments, naked or with a lobed calyx. 



Ovary free, 1 (rarely 2)-celled, 1-ovuled, forming fleshy, aggregated fruit (sorosis or 



eyconus, §580j. Achenium with an erect or pendulous, albuminous seed. Figs. 35, 



149, 450, 451. 



Genera 31, xpecies 210 ? generally natives of the tropics or at least of warm climates. They 

 are closely allied to the Ncttleworts, differing chiefly in fruit, juice and habit. 



Properties.— The juice is almost always deletorious, sometimes in a high degree. It contains 

 caoutchouc. The celebrated Bohon Upas, the most deadly of all poisons, is the concrete juice 

 of Antiaris toxiearia of the Indian Archipelago. Its poisonous property is said to be due to tho 

 presence of strychnia. Meanwhile tho famous core tree of S. America yields milk which is rich 

 and wholesome. Gum hie is obtained abundantly from Fleas Indica. The renowned -Banyan 

 tree is Kicus religiosa. In this order are also found many excellent fruits. JVffSnro the fruit of 

 Ficus Carica, &c. Bread fruit is the compound fruit of Artocarpus ; mulberries of Moru« 

 nigra. Fustic, a yellow dye, is the wood of M. tinctoria of S. America. 



§ Flowers inside tho excavated receptacle, both kinds together Ficus. 4 



{ Flowers external, the 2 kinds separate, in two kinds of aments. (*) 



* Calyx none. Fertile flowers in a globular ament. Thorny Macluba. 8 



* Calyx 4-parted. Fertile ament globular. Style 1 Bkoi'ssonktia. 9 



* Calyx 4-parted, lobes spreading. Fertile amenta oblong. Styles 2 Mokub. 1 



\. MO'RUS, Tourn. Mulberry. (Celtic mor, black ; the color of the 

 fruit.) Flowers monoecious or dioecious, the $ in loose catkins ; the 

 9 in dense spike-like catkins ; calyx 4-parted ; stamens 4 ; styles 2 ; 

 achenium compressed, enclosed within the baccate calyx, the whole 

 *pike thus constituting a compound berry (sorosis.)— Trees with alter- 

 nate, generally Jobed lvs. Fls. inconspicuous. 



