Order 114.— ARTOCARPACE.^3. 635 



1 M. rubra L. Red Mulberry. Lvs. scabrous, pubescent beneath, rounded or 

 aubcordate at base, equally serrate, acuminate, ovate or (in tbo young trees) pal- 

 mately and oddly lobod ; fertile spikes cylindric ; fr. dark red. — In N. Eng. a raro 

 shrub 15 to 20f high. In the Mid. S. and W. States it attains tbo elevation of 

 40 — 60:*, with a diameter of 1 to 2f. Roots yellow. Trunk covered witb a gray- 

 ish bark, much broken and furrowed. Wood fine-grained, stong and durable. 

 Leaves 4 — 6' long, § as wide, entire or divided into lobes, thick, dark green. 

 Flowers small. Fruit of a deep red color, with the aspect of a blackberry, com- 

 posed of the entire catkin, made pulpy and sweet. Apr., May. 



2 M. alba L. "White Mulberry. Lvs. glabrous, cordate and oblique at 

 base, unequally serrate, either undivided or lobed ; fr. whitish. — Cultivated for tho 

 sake of its leaves as the food of silk worms. A tree of humble growth. Leaves 

 2 — 4' long, § as wide, acute, petiolate. Flowers green, in small, roundish spikes 

 or heads. Fruit of a yellowish-white, insipid, f China. 



/3. multicaulis. (Chinese Mulbekry.) Lvs. largo (4 — T long, I as broad.) 

 —Shrub. 



3 M. nigra L. Black Mulberry. Lvs. scabrous, cordate, ovate or lobod, 

 obtuse, unequally serrato ; fertile spikes oval. — Cultivated for ornament and shade, 

 in this as well as in many other countries. Fruit dark red or blackish, of aa 

 aromatic, acid flavor, f Persia. 



2. BROUSSONE^TIA, L'Hcr. Paper Mulberry. (In honor of P. 



N". V. Broussonrt, a distinguished French naturalist.) Flowers dico- 

 ceous; $ anient cylindric; calyx 4-parted ; $ anient globous ; re- 

 ceptacle cylindric-clavate, compound ; calyx 3 to 4-toothed, tubular ; 

 ovaries becoming fleshy, clavate, prominent; style lateral ; seed 1, cov- 

 ered by the calyx. — Trees from Japan. 



B. papyrifera Vent. Lvs. of tho younger tree roundish-ovate, acuminate, 

 mostly undivided, of tho adult tree 3-lobed ; fr. hispid. — A fine hardy tree, occa- 

 sionally cultivated. It is a low, bushy-headed tree, of rapid growth, with largo, 

 light green, downy leaves, and dark red fruit a little larger than peas, with long, 

 purple hairs. The divided lvs. resemble those of tho white mulberry. 



3. MACLITRA, Nutt. Osage Orange. (To William Madura, Esq., 



of the U. S., a distinguished geologist.) Flowers S $ > in aments. Calyx 

 ; ova. numerous, coalescing into a compound, globous fruit, of 1- 

 seeded, compressed, angular, cuneiform carpels; sty. 1, filiform, villous. 

 — A lactescent tree, with deciduous, alternate, entire, exstipulate leaves 

 and stout, axillary spines. 



M. aurantiaca Nutt. — A beautiful tree, native on the banks of tho Arkansas, 

 &c. Leaves 4 — 5' by 1^ — 2i/, glabrous and shining above, strongly veined and 

 paler beneath, en short petioles, ovate or ovate-oblong, margin obscurely denticu- 

 late, apex subacuminate, rather coriaceous. The fruit is about tho sizo of an 

 orange, golden yellow when ripe, suspended by an axillary pedunclo amid the 

 deep green, polished foliage. Extensively cultivated for hedges. 



4. FIXUS, Tourn. Fig. Banyan. (Gr. ovKr\. Lat. ficus. Celtic 

 figueren. Teutonic fiegc. Anglo-Saxon Fie. English Fig.) Flowers 

 monoecious, minute, fixed upon the inside of a fleshy, turbinate, closed 

 receptacle; $. calyx 3-partcd ; stamens 3 ; ? calyx 5 -parted ; ovary 1 ; 

 seed 1 ; fruit (syconus) composed of the enlarged, fleshy receptacles 

 inclosing the numerous, dry, imbedded achenia. 



F. Carica Willd. Common Fig. Lvs. cordate, 3 — 5-lobed, repand-dentate; 

 lobes obtuse, scabrous above, pubescent beneath. — Supposed to bo a native of 

 Caria, Asia, although cultivated for its fruit in all tropical climes. "With us it is 

 reared only in sheltered locations as a curiosity. The delicious fruit is well known. 

 Leaves very variable in form. 



