706 Order 148.— LILIACEiE. 



stem, consisting of G to 8 wedge-lanceolate lvs. (3 to 4' by 9 to 12 7 ) ; the other at 

 the top, of about 3 ovate, shorter leaves. Fls. in the upper whorl, 1, 2 or 3, pen- 

 dulous, with greenish, revoluto segments. The stigmas aro very long, reflexed, 

 dark red. Jl. 



Order CXLVIII. LILIACE^E. Lilyworts. 



Herbs with bulbous or tuberous stems, parallel- 

 veined, sessile leaves, flowers perfect, regular, 

 generally largo and richly colored, perianth 6 

 (rarely 4)-parted, uniformly colored, free from the 

 ovary, stamens G (rarely 4), perigynous; anthers 

 introrse (extrorso in Uvularia), styles wholly or 

 partly united, ovary superior, 2 or 3-celled. Fruit 

 a capsule, loculicidal, or a pulpy berry. Seeds 

 free or many, with fleshy albumen. Illustr. in 

 figs. 58, CO, 63, 108, 171, 254, 259, 400, 454. 



Genera 147, species 1200, clilefly natives of temperate 

 regions. The flowers of most aro beautiful, of many 

 brilliant, and of some truly splendid. 



Properties. — Tho order abounds in a bitter, stimnlnnt 

 principle and also in mucilage, Some of tho bulbous 

 species yield a nutritions diet, as the Asparagus, Onion, 

 Garlic. The well known active medicine, squills, is tho 

 bulb of Scilla maritiuia, of S. Europe. The various kinds 

 of officinal aloes, arc the product of several species of 

 Aloe. Tho powerful astringent, Dragon's blood, Ir the 

 concentrated juice of Draciena Draco of the Canary Isles'. 

 (The Tribe Uvularia; is intermediate between Liliacero 

 and Melanthacea?, approaching the latter by its mostly 

 cxtroso anthers, but best according with the former in its 

 united styles, fruit, and in habit.) 



FIG. 715. Smilaeina boreal is. ft. A berry cut ojpe», 

 showing tho 2 cells, ic. 



TRIBES AND GENERA, 

 j Plants bulbous at the base, or with a thick, woody caudex. (*) 



* Perianth segments united, forming a tubular flower, (d) 



* Perianth segments separate, not forming a tube, (t) 



t Stem (or caudex) leafy, at least below, few or many-flowered, (b) 

 t Stem (scape) sheathed at base, bearing a solitary flower, (a) 

 t Stem (scape) sheathed at base, leafless, many-flowered, (c) 

 $ Plant with a rhizome, creeper, or fibrous roots. (**) 



** Stamens declinate and curved-ascending. Flowers showy, (s) 

 ** Stamens straight and equal in position, (ft) 



tt Perianth segments united to near the summit, (f) 

 tt Perianth segments separate, not forming a tube, (t) 



X Flowers in terminal, leafless clusters, small, whitish, (g) 

 % Flowers axillary, or terminal and subsolitary.— Leaves filiform, ifcc. (h) 



— Leaves ovate, &c. (k) 

 (Teibe TULIPFwE. Perianth G-leav.-d. Fruit a capsule. Seed-coat soft and pale.) 



a Flowers nodding EiiVTunoNitrsi. 1 



a Flowers erect Tulipa. 3 



b Nectary a linear groove at the base of each segment Liliitm 3 



b Nectary a roundish cavity at tho base of each segment Fbitillaria. 4 



b Nectary none. Flowers panicled,— large. Seeds many Yucca. 6 



—small. Seeds 1 to 3 Nolixa. * 



(TlttDii ASPHODELEiE. Fruit a capsule. Seed-coat crustaceous, black.) 



O Flowers in racemes, blue or purple Scilla. 7 



O Flowers In racemes or corymbs, yellow or white Ounitiiogali'm. S 



O Flowers In umbels,— white or roseate. Stamens straight Allium. 9 



— blue. Stamens declinate, ourved ... Agapantiius. 10 



