Order 154.— ERIOCAULONACE^S. 729 



ecales rounded-olovate ; sep. shorter than the scales, fringed along the winged keel. 



* — Wet pine barrens, Ga. (Feay). Scapes strict, 1 to 3f high. Lvs. strict, 6 to 9, 

 by 2 to -1", gradually acute. Heads 7 to 9 ' long. Aug., Sept. (X. brevifolia 

 Bl!.) — The leaves ia «ur specimens are not all rough-edged as in Kunth's. 



5 X. fimbriata Ell. Feathered Xyris. Lvs. linear-gladiate, erect, nearly as 

 long as the scape which is strict, striate, and enlarged at the summit; head oval 

 or oblong, scales rounded, loosely imbricated ; sep. twice(!) longer than the 

 bracts, conspicuously fringed on the keel above. — Sandy swamps, K. I. (Olney), 

 N. J., (Rev. I. T. Holton) to Fla. Scape 2 to 3f high. Lvs. 20 to 30' long, about 

 3" wide, sheathing below. Head 6 to 8" long. Bracts tawny-edged. Seeds 

 innumerable, elliptical, minute. Jl., Aug. 



Order CLIV. ERIOCAULONACE^E. Pipeworts. 



Herbs perennial, aquatic, with linear, spongy, cellular leaves, sheathing at bas&. 

 Flowers monoecious or dioecious, in a dense head. Perianth 2 to G-parted or want- 

 ing. Stamens 6, some of them generally abortive. Anthers mostly 1 -celled, in- 

 trorsc. Ovary 2 or 3-celled, cells 1-seeded. Seeds pendulous. 



Genera 0, species 200, chiefly tropical. They arc of no known use. 



GENERA, 



* Stamens (4 or C) twice as many as the. petals. (Scapo 7 to 12-ribbcd) Eeiocaulon. 1 



* Stamens 3, as many as the petals. (Scape 5-ribbed, pubenilent.) BjEPALanthus. 2 



* Stamens 3, and no petals. Scapo 5-ribbed, short, hairy Lacunocaulon. 8 



1. ERIQCAITL0N, L. Pipewort. (Gr. Zpiov, wool, tcavXog, stem.) 

 Flowers 8 , collected into an imbricated bead; involucre of many bracts; 

 $ in the disk (rarely mixed) ; perianth double; sepals 3, subregular; 



petals united to near tbe summit ; stamens twice as many as the petals ; 

 9 in tbe margin ; perianth double ; sepals 3, petals 2 or 3, distinct ; 

 stamens ; ovary sessile or stipitatc ; style 1, stigmas 2 or 3 ; capsule 

 2 or 3-seedcd. — 21 Acaulcscent. Lvs. grass-like, flat, tufted at the base 

 of the slender, simple, one-headed, fluted scape. (Fls. 4-parted in one 

 species.) 



1 E. decangulare L. Scape tall, slender, marked with 10 ribs and furrows; 

 lvs. linear-ensiform, suberect, half as long as the scape ; bracts of the depressed In- 

 volucre acute ; chaff' acuminate and tipped with a white fringe as well as tho 

 perianth. —Ponds, in pine barrens, S. States, common. Scape 1 to 3f high, very 

 strict, clustered. Lvs. 6 to 16' high, 3 to 4" wide. Head 5" broad, very whito 

 with the fringes, the corollas tipped with black. JL, Aug. 



2 B. gnaphaloides Mi. Scape tall, slender, marked with 10 ribs and furrows; 

 lvs. ensiform, subulate, many times shorter than the scape, spreading ; invol. de- 

 pressed; bracts obtusish ; chaff acute, whito fringed as well as the perianth. — 

 Swampy pine barrens, N. J. to Fla., common. Scape mostly single, If to 30' high. 

 Lvs. 2 to 4' long, 3 to 5" wide, gradually tapering to an acuto or setaceous point. 

 Head similar to No. 1. Jn. — Aug. 



3 B. septangulare Withering. Scape slender, 1-furroived, short or tall, and 

 weak according to tho depth of the water; lvs. linear-setaceous, pellucid, 5-veined, 

 very short ; head small, globular ; bracts of the invol. obtuse. — In shallow water, 

 Can. to N. J. and Mich. Sts. clustered, 3' to 3f, filiform, reaching the surface of 

 the water. Lvs. in a small tuft, submersed. Head 2 to 3" diam., white with tho 

 fringes of the compact flowers. Jl., Aug. 



2. P^PALAN'THUS, Mart, (Gr. -nai-aXr], dust or powder, avdo<;.) 

 Flowers 3-parted ; stamens in the sterile flowers 3 ; stigmas in tho 

 fertile flowers 3 ; capsule 3-seeded. — Otherwise nearly as in Eriocaulon, 

 from Avhicb the genus was separated. 



