Order 155.— CYPERACE^E. 739 



5 S. Iacustris L. Lake Buli.rush. Culm smooth, leafless, filled with a porous 

 pith, 5 to 8/ High, cj limit ic, tapering above the panicle, and abruptly ending in a 

 short cusp ; panicle cy mo us near the top; ped. rough, twice compound ; spikelets 

 ovoid, closely imbricate; scales ovate, mucronate, pubescent; bracts shorter than 

 the panicle. — The largest species of bullrush, frequenting tho muddy margins of 

 rivers and ponds, U. S. to Arc. Am, July. (S. acutus Muhl.) 



6 S. pitngens Vahl. Culm nearly naked, 3-angled, corners acuto and two of 

 thp sides concave, about 3f high and ending in a sharp point; lvs. few and short, 

 from the top of the sheath; spikes lateral, 1 — 5, ovate, crowded and sessile, at 

 various distances below tho point; glumes round-ovate, mucronate; bristles 6 ; 

 style 1-cleft. — Pond3 and marshes, fresh and salt, throughout N. America. (S. 

 triqueter Mx.) 



7 S. Olaeyi Gray. Culm triquetrous-winged, leafless, 2 — 7 f high; sheath radical, 

 tipped with a short (1 — 2') leaf; spikes 6 — 12, sessile, aggregated, 2 — 3" long, 

 placed 9 — 12'' below tho triangular apex of tho stem ; glumes roundish-ovate, 

 mucronate; bristles C — 12; ach. obovate, plano-convex, gibbous at apex. — Salt 

 marshes, Sekonk river, R. I. (Olney), Tom river, N. Y., Kneiskern. Remarkably 

 distinguished by its 3-winged stem. July. 



6 S. Torreyi Olney. Culm2i high, 3-angled, with concavo sides, rather slender, 

 leafy at the base; lvs. 2 or 3, If or more long, slender; spike3 2 — £ (rarely 1), ses- 

 sile, distinct, acuto, ovate-oblong; scales ovate, mucronate, smooth; sty. 3-cleft; 

 ach. obovate, acuminate, unequally 3-sided, shorter than tho bristles. — Borders of 

 pond*, N. Eng. to Mich. The stem hero as in tho last, is prolonged above tho 

 spikes, in the form of an involucral leaf. JL, Aug. (3. mucronatus Ph. ? Torr.) 



9 S. niautimua L. Sea Eullrusii. Culm acutely 3-angled, leafy, 2 — 3fhigh; 

 lvs. broad-linear, rough-edged, carinate, taller than tho stem; spikes conglome- 

 rate, G — 10, nearly an incli long, corymbous; invol. of about 3 very long leaves ; 

 glumes ovate, 3-cleft, the middlo segment subulate and reflexed ; style 3-cleft ; 

 bristles 3 — i, much shorter than the broad-obovate, lenticular, dark brown, polished 

 aclienium. — Salt marshes, N. Eng. to Flor. Aug. 



10 G. Euviatilis Gray. Culm triangular-winged, leafy, stout, 3 or 4f high ; lvs. 

 broadly linear, very long; invol. lvs. 5 to 7, far exceeding tho umbel; umbel 

 Eomewhat compound, spikes separate or conglomerate, largo (9 to 12" long), ful- 

 vous; glumes 3-cleft, bristles 6, tohiiisJi, longer than the sharply 3-angled, oblong, 

 black aclienium, which is tipped with a whitish beak. — Borders of lakes and rivers, 

 W. N. Y. and W. States. JL, Aug. (S. maritimus, t 3. fluv. Torr.) 



11 G. atrovirens Muhl. Culm obtusely triangular, leafy, 2f high ; cyme com- 

 pound, proliferous; invol. of 3 leaf-like bracts longer than the cyme; spikes ovate 

 acute, crowded, 10 to 20 in a gbboushead; lids, numerous, 4" diam., dark olive 

 green ; glumes ovate, mucronate ; bristles 4, straight, hispid downward, as long as 

 the smooth, white achenium. — Common in meadows, Mid. and "W. States. Jn., Jl. 

 Very different from S. sylvaticus L. of Europe. 



12 S. polyphyllus Vahl. Culm obtusely triangular, leafy, 2 — 3f high ; cyme 

 decompound, it3 principal branches about 5, unequal, with truncate sheaths at. 

 base; spikdets clustered in lieads of 3 — G; glumes obtuse, reddish-brown; ach. 

 smooth, yellowish-white, twice shorter than the 4 or 5 smooth tortuous bristles. — 

 Much resembles the last species. Margins of waters, N. Eng., 111. and S. States. 

 (S. brunneua Muhl.) 



13. G. clivaricatua Ell. Culm obtusely triangular, very leafy, 3 to 4f high: 

 lvs. flat, broadly linear or lancc-linear, 3 to 6" wide, shorter than tho culm; umbel 

 loose, large, decompound, rays filiform, divaricate, recurved ; spikes all separate, 

 pendulous, oblong-ovoid, 2 to 3" long, rust colored, pendulous; glumes many, 

 acute ; bristles tortuous, rather longer than the achenium which is tawny, elliptic- 

 3-angled, acuto at each end. — Wet barrens, S. Car. to La, (Hale). 



14 G. Ericphorum Mx. Culm obtusely triangular, leafy, 3 to 5f high, lvs. 2f 

 long, rough-edged; invol. 4 cr 5-kavcd, longer than the umbel; umbel terminal, 

 decompound, large and loose ; spikes mostly pedicillate, 2 to 3'' long, ovoid* in 

 smaller clusters ; bristles G, capillary, curled, very conspicuous, being 5 cr 6 time.} 

 as long as the white achenium. — A common, stiff, rank, meadow sedge, which 



