778 Order 1 5 G.—GR AMINES. 



Bate ; paleae 2, mostly shorter than the glumes, surrounded with white, 

 bristly hairs at base, lower one mncronate, mostly awncd below the tip. 

 the upper one often with a stipitate pappus (abortive rudiment of a 

 second flower) at base. — 2£ Rhizomes creeping. Culms simple, tall, 

 with a contracted or open panicle. 



J Panicle expanding. Glumes some shorter than the palea*. Rudiment none Nos. 1, 2 



I Panicle contracted. Gl. some longer than palea*. Rudiment pluim>u& (*) 



* Glumes 2 — 3" long. Palea short-a wncd — above the middle No. •? 



— below the middle Nos. 4, &■ 



* Glumes 5 — 1" long. Palea scarcely awned near the tip. No. 1 



1 C. brevipilis Torr. Culm terete, slender, 3 — 4f high; lvs. broad-linear, the- 

 sheaths glabrous ; liguTe hairy ; panicle pyramidal, loose, with the diffuse, capil- 

 lary branches solitary or in pairs; glumes unequal, bearded at base, ovate, acute, 

 1-veined, shorter than the equal, obtuse, awnless pales; pappus or hairs very short, 

 not half the length of the palea. — If In sandy swamps, N. J. (Tbrrey). (A. Epi- 

 geios Mulil.) 



2 C. longifolia Hook. Culm 2 — If high, stout; lvs, rigid, involute-filiform, 

 tapering to a long point ,; panicle pyramidal ; glumes unequal, lanceolate,, the upper 

 as long as the equal ]^ales; pappus-like hairs copious, more than half the length of 

 ihe pales. — Sandy shores of the great Lakes, N. Mich, and C. W. 



3 C. coarctata Torn Glaucous ; culm erect, 2 — 4f high ; lvs. linear-lanceolate,, 

 scabrous, with the voins and keel white ; sheaths striate ; stip. oblong,, obtuse ; 

 panicle condensed and spike-form, the brandies, rigidly erect, short and aggre- 

 gated ; glumes acuminate, lanceolate, lower 1-veined, upper 3-veined, lower pale 

 5-veined, bifid at the apex, with a short, straight aum just above the middle of the 

 back. — If Bogs, Mass. to Minn, and S. States? July, August. (Agrostis. 

 glauca MubL Arundo stricta Spr.) 



4 C. purpurascens Brown. Panicle spfcatc, purplish, 3 — C long, half the- 

 length of the culm ; glumes scabrous ; paleae 2, the lower scabrous, toothed at 

 the apex, awned upon the back below the middle ; abortive, rudiment plumous, 

 twice longer than the hairs at its base, and twice shorter than the pales. — "Whito 

 Mts., N. H. (Tuckerman), Rocky Mts. (Richardson). — Rare and unimportant. (C. 

 Pickeringii Gr. C. sylvatica Trin.) 



5 C. confinis Nutt. Culm 2 — 5f high, erect simple; lvs. 2 — 3" wide, smooth; 

 panicle '1 — 8' long, slender, contracted, branches short, appressed, 4= or 5 together; 

 glumes oblong-lanceolate, 2 \" long, rough on the keel and sides,, barely acute - 

 palece nearly equal, acute, oblong, as long as the glumes, lower one rough, 3-veined,. 

 notched at tip, with a short awn inserted below the middle, nearly as long as tho 

 flower - hairs % ihe length of the pales. — Penn. and Penn Yan, N. Y. (Sartwell). 

 Aug. (C. inexpansa Gr.) 



6 C. Canadensis Beauv. Reed Grass. Bli'e Joint. Culm smooth, erect, rigid,. 

 3 — 5f high ;. lvs. linear-lanceolate, striate, with smooth, veined sheaths ; panicle 

 erect, rather loose, oblong, the branches capillary, aggregated in 4s and 5s ; glumes 

 very acute, smoothish, much longer than the palea; lower palea. bifid at ihe apex T 

 with a hair-like awn arising from below tho middle of the back; hairs as long as 

 the pales. — U "Wet grounds, N. Eng. "W. to Mich, and Can. Makes good hay,, 

 common. Aug. (C. Mexicana Nutt. C. agrostoides Ph. Arundo Mx.) 



7 C. arenaria Roth. Mat Grass. Sand Reed. Rt. creeping extensively; 

 culm erect, rigid, 2 — 4f high; lvs. involute, If by J', smooth and glaucous, pun- 

 gently acute; sheaths smooth ; stip. oblong; panicle dense, with erect, appressed 

 branches, 6 — 10' long, and an inch thick; spikelets. compressed, greenish-white; 

 lower palere longer than the upper. — 2f On sandy lake shores and sea coasts, 

 Can. to N. J. Of great value in confining loose, sandy beaches. Aug. (Ammo- 

 phila, Host. Psamma, Palis. Arundo, L.) 



10. ALOPECURUS, L. Fox-Tail Grass. (Gr. AXurnig, fox, ovpd, 

 tail.) Spikelets. 1-flowcred ; glumes subequal, connate, distinct, flat- 

 carinate ; lower pale flat-c annate, generally equaling the glumes, awned 

 on the back below the middle ; upper pale wanting; styles often con- 



