GROUNDSEL 189 



ptera, Coccinella; Hemiptera, several species of Th7-ips\ Neuroptera, 

 Panorpa. 



Though thi-re is no pappus tlie achenes have a membrane, and are 

 aided by this means by the wind in their dispersal. This plant grows 

 on sand soil, being a sand-loving jalant, or on alluvium on sandy loam. 



A fungus, Puccinia tanaceti, the sun-flower rust, may be found on 

 the leaves. 



Three beetles, Chrysoniela graininis, C. iiicntliaslri, Adiinonia 

 tanaceti \ a Hymenopterous insect, Colletes fodicns; several Lepidop- 

 tera, Ringed Carpet {Boarinia ciiictaria), Essex Emerald {Gcoiiictra 

 smaragdaria), Cleodora striatella, Ptcropliorus dii//rodactv/iis, Dicro- 

 ravipha alpinana. D. tanaceti; a Homopterous insect, P/iytocoris n/mi; 

 and 4 Heteroptera, Caniptobrochis tubcscens, Ortliocephaliis nintabilis, 

 Macrocolcns niolliculus, and M. tanaceti, are found on it. 



Tanacetnni, Pliny, originally Athanasia, or immortalitx', of which il 

 is a corruption, is from the Greek, t/ianatos, death; and the second 

 Latin name emphasizes its universal character. 



Tansy is also called Bachelor's Buttons, Buttons, Bitter Buttons, 

 English Cost, Fern (Parsley, Scented), Ginger, Ginger-plant, Joynson's 

 Remedy Cheese, Tansv. It is called Scented hern from its fern-like 

 leaves and scented smell, and Bitter Buttons from the shape of the 

 flowerheads and bitter taste of the whole plant. 



The smell is strong and aromatic. The plant is very bitter, and is 

 regarded as a stimulant and carminative. The seeds were supposed 

 to be sudorihc. It is said to drive away bugs. A ilistilled water and 

 bitter for stomach complaints are made from it. The young leaves are 

 shredded, and used to give colour and flavour to puddings, omelets, 

 and cakes. The curled variety is used for garnishing. It is frequently 

 grown in the orarden. 



Essential Specific Cii.\r.\cters: — 



161. Tanacetiivi vii/gare, L. — Stem erect, rigid, leafy, dark-green, 

 leaves bipinnatifid. leaflets serrate, flowerheads numerous, yellow, 

 corymbose, terminal, outer florets longer than phyllaries. 



Groundsel (.Senecio vulgaris, L.) 



ComnKjn and widespread, but obviously connected with the pursuit 

 of agriculture. Groundsel is not represented in ancient deposits. Li 

 the North Temperate and Arctic Zones it is found in Arctic luirope 

 and X. Africa, and it has been recendy introduced into other parts in 

 the Temperate regicjiis of the globe. Groundsel is found in every part 



