XAT. ORDER. COMPOSIT.E. 41 



three longitudinal Aeins ; the flowers are produced a the ends of the 

 branches, havuig very long, large, scaly calyxes ; they are as large 

 as a small sun-flower, of a pale yellow color. It is a native of Car- 

 thageiia, in New Sjiain. 



Propai^ation and Culture. The first sort may be propagated by 

 seed sown in autumn soon after they are ripe, on a warm, loomy soil, 

 forming a border. Then they should be transplanted to the places 

 where they are to grow in the following autumn. But the common 

 practice is to increase it by oflT-sets, which, when taken from the old 

 roots carefully, with a bud or eye to each, take root easily. The best 

 season is the autunm, as soon as the leaves begin to decay ; planting 

 them in rows a foot asmider, and nine or ten inches distant in the 

 rows. The following spring the ground should be kept clean from 

 weeds, and be slightly dug over in the autumn following. The roots 

 will be fit for use after two years growth, but will siu^ve many 

 j'ears if permitted to stand. 



The two following sorts may be increased by parting the roots, 

 and planting them in the autunm, in the borders or other places 

 where they are to remain. They should not be removed oftener than 

 every three years. 



The foiu-th and fifth sorts may be raised by planting cuttings of 

 the branches in the summer season, in pots of light earth, in shady 

 borders. They must be removed into shelter in autumn, but should 

 have as much free air as possible at all times when the weather is 

 mild. The last sort is propagated by seeds procured from where it 

 grows naturally. These must be sown in pots, or upon a hot-bed, 

 and when the plants are fit to remove, be each put into a small pot, 

 filled with light earth, and plunged into a fresh hot-bed ; treating 

 them in the same manner as other similar tender plants. It requires 

 to be kept constantly in the stove. 



The first sort may be cultivated for the medicinal use of the 

 roots, or for ornament, in large borders. The two following sorts 



