252 XXI. ANCISTROCLADACE/E. [Ancistrocludus. 



at 1000 ft. altitude (Curtis). Lankawi isles; Setul, heath. Dis- 

 irib. Siam, Cochin-China, Bangka, Sumatra. Native names : Lidah 

 Sapi (Ox tongue) ; Akar Julong hitam (Black caterpillar creeper). 



Order XXII. BIXACEiE. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate. Flowers regular, bisexual. 

 Sepals 4 to 5, deciduous. Petals large 5. Stamens indefinite on a 

 disc. Ovary 3- to 5-celled; style simple; ovules many, parietal. 

 Capsule 2- to 5-valved. Seeds arillate or woolly. Species 20, 

 chiefly S. American. 



Bush ; flowers pink or white ; capsule bristly, seeds 



with a red covering . . . . . . i . Bixa 



Shrub; flowers yellow ; capsule smooth, seeds woolly 2. Cochlospermum 



1. BIXA, Linn. 



(i) B. Orellana, L. 



The Arnotto; Kasumbah of Malays is a bush with large pink 

 flowers and a soft prickly capsule with small seeds covered with a 

 red powdery aril. It is occasionally to be seen in native gardens 

 and may establish itself outside. It is a native of S. America 

 and the red aril is used as a colouring matter. 



2. COCHLOSPERMUM, Kth. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves digitately divided. Flowers large, 

 bisexual. Sepals 5, deciduous. Petals 5, large, contort in bud. 

 Stamens indefinite on a disc; anther-cells with pores or short 

 slits. Ovary globose, 3- to 5-celled ; style simple ; ovules many on 

 3- to 5-parietal placentas. Stigma toothed. Capsule 3- to 5-valved ; 

 endocarp membranous. Seeds cochleate, testa hard, woolly. 

 Species 12, Africa, S. America, Australia. The genus is often 

 put in an order by itself, Cochlospermacece, and is probably allied 

 to Malvacece. 



(i) C. gossypinum DC. Prodr. i. 527 ; Hook. fil. F.B.I, i. 190 ; 

 Wight in Hook. Bot. Misc. ii. 357 ; Sitpp. t. 18. 



A soft-wooded shrub about 10 ft. tall. Leaves palmate 5-lobed, 

 hairy on the back, lobes acuminate, crenulate, blades 6 in. across 

 each way or more; petioles 6 in. long. Flowers large, yellow, 

 4 in. across. Sepals 7 in. long, silky. Petals rounded obovate. 

 Pod pear-shaped brown, 4 in. long, 3 in. through. Hah. Malacca 

 (Griffith) ; Penang in cultivated ground and in and round the 

 town. 



Certainly introduced from India, but more or less established in Penang 

 and very conspicuous. 



