Eiirycoma.] xxxii. simarube.e. 363 



•5 in. long, '25 in. through, yellowish brown. Hab. In dry woods, 

 rocky stream banks, etc. Common. Singapore, common, Tanglin ; 

 Changi. Johor, Sungei Bau ; Mt. Austin. Pahang, Pekan. Malacca, 

 Bukit Bruang, etc. Perak, Ulu Temengoh ; Thaiping. Pulau Adang. 

 Penang (WalHch, 8522); Waterfall Hill (Curtis), Setul. Distrib. 

 Tavoy, Cambodia, Sumatra, Borneo. Native names : Bidara 

 Pahit; Duak; Juak; Tongkat Baginda; Lempedu Pahit. Use: 

 The bitter bark used in fever, an excellent bitter. 



(2) E. apiculata Bennett, in Hook. fil. F.B.I, i. 522 ; King, I.e. 

 230. (Fig. 37, p. 362.) 



Shrub 3 to 8 ft. tall. Leaves 12 to 15 in. long; leaflets oblong- 

 lanceolate abruptly acuminate, base acute hardly oblique, 2*5 to 

 5"5 in. long, i to 17 in. wide. Panicles lax 8 to 15 in. long glandular, 

 black pubescent. Branches short. Petals linear, glandular out- 

 side, glabrous within, "4 in. long, reddish brown. Stamens as short 

 as calyx. Disc glands minute entire. Drupe ovoid black with a 

 red dorsal line outside. Hab. Dry woods. More of a hill plant 

 than the preceding and commonest in the north. Distrib. Selangor, 

 Sempang Mines; Sungei Buluh; Petaling. Perak, Larut Hills 

 (Kunstler) ; Gunong Kerbau at 4000 ft. altitude (Robinson) ; 

 Penang, Government Hill. Province Wellesley, Tasek Gelugur. 

 Native names : Bidara Pahit ; Bidara Putih or merah ; Penawar 

 Pahit; Sempedu Pahit. 



5. SAMADERA, Gaertn. 



Glabrous trees with coriaceous, large, simple leaves. Flowers 

 bisexual in peduncles axillary or terminal umbels. Calyx small, 

 3- to 5-lobed. Petals much longer, 3 to 5, coriaceous imbricate. 

 Disc large conical. Stamens 8 to 10 with a small scale at base. 

 Carpels 4 to 5, free ; style free at base united above. Ovule 

 solitary. Fruit of i to 5 large compressed drupes narrowly winged. 

 Species 4, Madagascar, tropical Asia. 



(i) S. indica Gaertn. Fruct. ii. t. 156; Wight, III. t. 68; Hook, 

 fd. Ic. PI. t. 7; F.B.I, i. 519. 



A tree 30 to 35 ft. tall or a shrub, stout. Leaves fleshy, cori- 

 aceous hght green, oblong-elliptic-lanceolate, 8 in. long, 3 in. wide ; 

 petioles -5 in. long, thick. Flowers 20 or more in an umbel ; 

 peduncle 5 to 9 in. long; pedicel 5-5 in. long, red. Calyx-lobes 

 rounded ciliate, red. Petals 4, narrowed oblong pubescent, pale 

 green or yellow 75 in. long. Stamens 8. Fruit oval, flat, 3 in. 

 long, 2 in. wide. Hab. Rather rare in tidal swamps, Singapore. 

 Johor, Tanjong Kupang; Kwala Sembrong (Kelsall). Distrib. 

 India, Ceylon, Malay islands, Polynesia. 



6. IRVINGIA, Hook. fil. 



Gigantic, glabrous trees. Leaves coriaceous, entire. Flowers 

 small in axillary panicles. Calyx 4- to 5-partite, imbricate. Petals 



