Plants of the Punjab. 17 
TREES WITH ALTERNATE STIPULATE SIMPLE LEAVES. 
PETALS NONE. 
Ficus Cunia small, never epiphytal; leaves unequal sided at 
Kasa, ghur. base, 6-10 in. long, oblong-lanceolate, leathery, stalk 
URTICACES. 1-2 in., stipules $-1 in., linear ; fruit in pairs or clusters 
Ry Bud. v. 528. on scaly, usually leafless, branches, round or >. ‘riform, 
Himalaya, 4,000 ft. hairy, reddish brown when ripe. 
Valley below Simla 
(Collett). 
Ficus nemoralis, small, not epiphytal ; leaves narrow, pointed, margin 
URTICACE. even, stalk 4-1 in., stipules narrow, pointed, smooth, 
F. B. I. v. 584, edges rolled up ; fruit shortly stalked, roundish or elub- 
Himalaya, 1,500-7,000 ft. shaped, 4 in. diam., smooth, reddish when ripe, basal 
Simla below Annandale. bracts 8, broad, united. 
Shah (Collett). 
Ficus Roxburghii. low, spreading ; leaves broad, ovate or rounded, 
Urbal, tumbal. above smooth, beneath somewhat woolly, base heart- 
URTICACES. shaped, 5-15 by 44-12 in., stalk 1-4 in., stipules 4-1 in., 
HY By Lives 584. ovate, pointed ; fruit top-shaped, 2 in. diam., smooth 
Himalaya to 5,000 ft. or velvety, when ripe russet, brown or purplish and 
Sutlej} Valley (Collett). spotted, basal bracts 3, rather large, triangular, fruit 
stalk 3-14 in., velvety, on leafless branchlets from the 
trunk in clusters : the fruit is eaten. 
e 
Ficus glomerata, large, bark smooth, reddish brown; leaves 4-7 
Kathgular, dadhurt. in. long, ovate, margin even, smooth above, velvety 
URTICACES. beneath, base round, tapering to the point, stalk 1-2 
F. B. 1. v. 535. in., stipules 4-1 in., ovate, narrow, velvety, soon falling 
The Plains to 3,000 ft. off ; fruit 1} in. diam., reddish, top depressed, top-shaped, 
stalked, in clusters on short leafless scaly branchlets 
on the trunk and large branches, basal bracts 3 or 4, ovate, 
small, overlapping. 
Villebrunea frutescens, see Shrubs, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple. 
Debregeasia hypoleuca, see Shrubs, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple. 
Flowers minute, close set on Hanging or Erect Spikes. 
Betula utilis, bark brownish white, inner layer pink, thin with 
Bhujpattra. horizontal lentil-shaped excrescences, stripping off in 
CUPULIFERS. thin broad sheets ; leaves 2-3 in. long, thin, light green, 
BABa T7599. when young, pointed ; fruit a one-seeded, winged, lentil- 
Himalaya, 7-10,000 ft. like nut. The English representatives of this genus 
The Chor, Hutu are Betula alba and Betula nana, the Common Birch and 
(Collett). the Dwarf Birch. The bark is used to cover umbrellas. 
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