Plants of the Punjab. 39 
TrRups with ALTERNATE EixstrpULATE SIMPLH LEAVES. 
Taxus baccata, 
Yew, 
Barma, thunu. 
CoNIFERS. 
ff. Buy: 648. 
Himalaya, 6-11,000 ft. 
Mahasu, Narkanda 
(Collett). 
Pinus exeelsa, 
The Blue Pine, 
Kail, biar, darchir. 
Con&FERM. 
Heeb lev. ODL, 
Himalaya, 6-12,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Baluchistan. 
Pinus longifolia, 
Chir, chil. 
CoNIFERA. 
Be Bel-v. Oot; 
Himalaya, 
1,500-6,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Kasauli. 
Pinus Gerardiana, 
Miri, galgoja. 
CoNnIFERa. 
PB. ie ay..652. 
Dry inner Valleys of 
Himalaya, 6-12,000 ft. 
Kurram Valley, 
7-11,000 fe. 
Baluchistan. 
PETALS NONE. 
CoNE BEARING. 
Leaves narrow, linear. 
medium size, bark reddish-grey, thin, smooth, 
flaking in longitudinal shreds; leaves in 2 rows, dark 
green, light or rusty beneath, leathery, 1-1} by +, in., 
narrowed into a short stalk; cones sessile, axillary, 
male and female on different trees, male + in., bracts 
empty, stamens in acluster at the top, female minute, 
bud-like, two upper bracts enclose the seed with the 
disk ; fruit an ovoid berry 4 in. long, consisting of a 
red fleshy cup nearly concealing the flattened olive-green 
wingless seed. 
Leaves needle-like. 
large, bark smooth, slatey leathery when young, 
grey corky, furrowed when older, wood excellent ; 
leaves in clusters of 5, 6-8 in. long, 3 cornered, bluish- 
green, in sheaths pinkish-brown, soon falling off; 
male cones or catkins } in. long in crowded clusters, 
with many scales, each scale carries 2 anthers, female 
cones 2 or 3 together, 6-12 in. long, first erect, then 
pendulous, on stalks 2-3 in. long, seeds 4-$ in., black, 
with a long, thin wing. Timber is very fairly good. 
large, bark, outer, corky and in thin crisp pieces, 
reddish-brown, inner bark brick red ; leaves 9-12 in. long, 
in clusters of 8, light green, sheaths grey, persistent, 
fringed, male catkins 4 in. long, female cones ovoid 
with scales thickened at the apex, 4-8 by 3-5 in. at the 
lower end, seeds with a short wing. Gandabaroza, 
turpentine and tar are obtained from this tree. The 
wood is much used, but rots in the wet. 
medium size, bark smooth, often silvery, flaking 
in long pieces ; leaves in clusters of 8, 3-5 in. long, stout, 
stiff, dark green, persistent for 3-4 years, sheaths soon 
falling off, male catkins 4-4 in. long, female cones ovoid, 
6-9 by 4-5 in., bluish-green, young, erect scales with a 
recurved spine from the upper margin, seeds 1 in. long, 
cylindric, wing short, soon falling off, eaten when roasted, 
called Clilgcea or Neoza. 
