Plants of the Punjab. 
SHRUBS WITH OpposiTE STIPULATE SIMPLE LEAVES. 
Randia tetrasperma, 
Kikra. 
RUBIACER. 
eS 1 a. 209; 
Salt Range, 
Himalaya, 
4-6,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Baluchistan (Lace). 
Randia dumetorum, 
Mainphal. 
RUBIACES. 
Keb. 1: in. 110: 
Himalaya to 
3,000 ft. 
Ixora coccinea, 
The Flame Tree, 
Rungan. 
RUBIACEZ. 
F. B. I. i. 145. 
The Plains. 
Hamiltonia 
suavolens, 
Padena, kanera. 
RUBIACE. 
RUB Ts, 2 9T: 
Salt Range, 
Himalaya, 2-5,000 ft. 
Valleys below 
Simla (Collett). 
Dharmpur 
(Bomford). 
PETALS UNITED. 
stalks, oblong with rounded ends, 2-valved, many seeded, 
seeds flat, double convex, winged all round the margin, 
3 by |; in. with the wing. The inner bark is used by ~ 
Hindus as a cure for ague. This shrub is_ closely allied 
to Cinchona. 
small, branches rough, grey, rigid, often spinous ; 
leaves 4-2 in long, at the tips of branchlets, tapering at both 
ends or broad at the apex, narrowed into a short stalk, 
smooth, stipules small, triangular, tapering to a point ; 
flowers }in. diam., nearly solitary, sessile, greenish-white, 
fragrant, calyx hairy, lobes 5, large, narrow, corolla tube 
1 in. long, hairy outside, lobes 5, stamens 5; berry } in. 
diam., round, 4-seeded, purple. 
large, bark grey, spines horizontal, often long and stout ; 
leaves 1-2 in. long with the broad end towards the apex, 
narrowed into a short marginate stalk, stipules ovate, 
long-pointed ; flowers hairy, yellowish-white, fragrant, 
solitary or 2-3 together at the end of short lateral branch- 
lets, calyx bell-shaped, hairy, lobes ovate, corolla lobes 5, 
spreading, oval or oblong; berry soft, fleshy, 1-1} in. long, 
ovoid, yellow, smooth or velvety, skin leathery, thick, 
edible, seeds many, flattened, in gelatinous pulp. The 
pulp is an excellent substitute for ipecacuanha. 
medium size, branches stiff, rather stout; leaves 2-4 
by 1-2 in., sessile, leathery, shortly oblong, stipules with 
stiff long points ; flowers scarlet, in dense short-stalked 
bunches, calyx tube 4-toothed, persistent, corolla tube 
1-12 in., lobes broad-pointed, 4, stamens 4, short, styles 
2-branched; fruit sometimes fleshy, } in. diam., crowned 
by the calyx, seeds concave. The root is used in Indian 
medicine as a cure for dysentery. 
small, branches in threes, fetid when bruised ; leaves 
8-9 in. long by 2-84 in., rather rigid, stalked, leathery, 
smooth, often rough, stipules joined by their margins, 
short, short-pointed, persistent ; flowers sessile or shortly 
stalked, sweet scented till crushed, crowded in large 3- 
branching racemes, blue or white, calyx lobes 5, persistent, 
corolla tube } in. long, woolly, lobes short, pointed, spead- 
ing, stamens 5; capsule oblong with round ends, +, in. 
long, one-celled, 5-seeded, seeds sharply 3-cornered. 
