Plants of the Punjab. 85 
SHRUBS WITH ALTERNATE STIPULATE SIMPLE LEAVES. 
Polygonum 
tortuosum, 
Nidla. 
PoLYGONACES. 
Be AL..veb2. 
Himalaya, 
9-16,500 ft. 
Lahul. 
Piper 
brachystachyum, 
Euphorbia Nivulia, 
Senhur, thura. 
HUPHORBIACER. 
Baan: 
Himalaya to 
3,000 ft. 
Euphorbia 
antiquorum, 
Tidhara-sehud. 
HUPHORBIACER. 
Be Bel. ve255. 
The Plains to 
2.000 ft. 
Euphorbia Royleana, 
Thor. 
EKUPHORBIAOH®. 
fe a en 
Salt Range. 
Himalaya, 
6,000 ft. 
PETALS NONE. 
small, branches widely separating with nodular 
joints, smooth, shining, red brown; leaves 1-2 in. long, 
pale green, turning red, sessile, leathery, from oblong to 
round, blunt or acute, stipules tubular, short, ending 
abruptly ; flowers 4 in. long on very short velvety stalks 
in dense branching racemes $-1 in. long , calyx lobes oblong, 
erect ; nut pale, 3-angled, ovate, included in the calyx. 
The plant is used in Lahul for dyeing cloth a yellow 
colour. 
see Climbing Plants, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple. 
large, smooth, fleshy, branches nearly cylindric in 
groups of four, juice milky, copious ; leaves 6-12 in., linear, 
tip rounded, or ovate-oblong with broad and rounded tip, 
fleshy, smooth, stipules of two prickles on one tubercle, 
tubercles spirally or vertically arranged ; flowers in clus- 
ters of three, consisting of bracts with stamens and in the 
centre a stalked 3-celled capsule often hanging over, styles 
3-branched ; capsule } in. broad divided, into 3 cells, 
one smooth seed in each cell. 
large, smooth, fleshy, branches cylindric or some- 
what angled, branchlets with 3 to 5 wavy wings, 
juice milky ; leaves few, small, on the sides of the wings, 
the wings ovatesoblong with broad rounded tips, fleshy, 
shortly stalked, stipules are 2 thorns; flowers } in. 
broad, yellow fringed, in bracteate clusters, outer flowers 
stalked, inner sessile, bracteoles many, flowers otherwise 
like the last species ; capsule 4 in. diameter, cells flattened, 
smooth. 
large, fleshy, smooth, branches straight, erect, 95-7 
angled, the angles are wavy wings, the branches grow in 
clusters close to each other giving it the name of Cande- 
labra tree; leaves 4-6 in. along the angles of the 
branches, soon falling off, sessile, broad and rounded, nar- 
rowing to the base, fleshy, smooth, stipules are 2 prickles ; 
flowers } in. diam., yellow, in sessile axillary clusters, lobes 
4, broad and round, fringed, flowers otherwise like the 
previous species of Euphorbia; capsules ~ in. diam., 
8-angled, stalks 4-$ in. long. 
