Plants of the Punjab. . 185 
Hurss, Erect, with Opposite ExstrpuLaATE SIMPLE LEAVES. 
Bryophylium- 
calycinum, 
Zukm-haiyat, 
CRASSULACE®. 
FE. BI. un. 418. 
The Plains to 
3,000 ft. 
Sutlej Valley 
(Collett). 
Kalanchee 
spathulata, 
Talara, rugnru, 
haiza ka patta. 
CRASSULACES. 
F.B. Iu. 414. 
Himalaya, 
1-3,000 ft. 
Valleys below 
Simla (Collett). 
Morina persica, 
Bekh-akwar. 
DIPpsAcE”m. 
F. B. I. iii. 216. 
Himalaya, 
6-9,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Hazara (Barrett). 
Baluchistan (Lace). 
Lear Marains ToorHen. 
PETALS UNITED. 
large, perennial, smooth, stem hollow, sprouts on 
damp ground from the notches on the margin of leaves ; 
leaves 3-6 in. long, ovate or oblong, fleshy, toothed, stalked, 
blunt, rarely compound, with 3 leaflets ; flowers 2. in. 
long, reddish-green, drooping, cylindric in a large terminal 
branching raceme, calyx tubular, swollen, green tinged 
with red and spotted with white, 4- toothed, corolla tubular 
twice as long as the calyx, green, lobes 4, tinged with red, 
short-pointed, spreading, stamens 8, in 2 series on the 
corolla-tube, styles 4; fruit of 4 carpels, many-seeded, 
enclosed in the persistent calyx and corolla. The leaves 
are applied to wounds. Roxburgh states that the plant 
was introduced into the Caleutta Botanical Gardens and 
has spread from there. 
large, perennial, stout, smooth ; leaves 4-8 in. (upper 
3-4 in.), fleshy, toothed, oblong, narrowed to the stalk ; 
flowers #-1 in. long, yellow, in a large terminal branched 
flat-topped cluster, calyx 4-lobed, divided nearly to the 
base, lobes triangular, short-pointed, corolla tubular, tube 
flask- -shaped, twice the length of the calyx, lobes 4, spread- 
ing, short-pointed, stamens, style and capsule as in the last 
species. This plant is said to be acure for cholera, it acts 
asa streng purge and is poisonous to goats and cattle. 
large, like thistles from the spiny leaves ; leaves 6 by 
1 in., oblong or linear, sessile, doubly spinous-toothed, 
velvety or smooth; flowers 13 in. long, pinkish-white, 
sessile, crowded in the axils of the upper leaves forming 
a terminal. interrupted spike, bracteoles few among the 
flowers, spinous, also united, bracteoles forming a tubular 
cup (involucel) round. the base of the flower, calyx tubular, 
enn notched, corolla 1-14 in., tube long, slender, mouth’ 
oblique, 5-lobed, stamens 2, fertile, as long as the corolla 
lobes, style’ almost protruding, stigma ‘dise- like ; fruit an 
achene in each flower, Sa within the persistent in- 
volucel, ed free. 
