188 
Plants of the Punjab. 
“ 
Herss, Erncr, wirn Oppositr Exstiputate Simpue Leaves. 
Spilanthes acmella, 
Akarkarha, 
pokar-mul. 
ComposITm. 
I. B. I. ii. 307. 
The Plains to 
5,000 ft. 
Dharmpur. 
Guizotia abyssinica, 
: ComPposirTa&. 
FB, ii: 807: 
The Plains, east of 
the Sutle}j. 
Gurgaon. 
Bidens cernua, 
Bur-Marigold, 
Composit? #&. 
F. B. I. iii. 3809. 
Kashmir. 
Chamba, 
5-6,000 ft. 
(Thompson). 
Wahlenbergia — 
gracilis, 
Lear Maroins TooruHen. 
PETALS UNITED. 
FLOWERS, MINUTE, IN HEADS. 
medium size, annual, velvety or hairy ; leaves 2-14 in., 
ovate-lanceolate, stalked, toothed, sometimes entire ; 
flowers white or yellow, in discoid or rayed conical heads, 
3-3 in. long, solitary on long stalks, bracts of the heads 
ereen, lanceolate, in 2 rows, receptacle conical, covered 
with concave scales, pappus none or 1 or 2 bristles, 
outer ray flowers one row female, white or yellow, ligule 
short, inner disk flowers 2-sexual, tubular, 4-5-toothed ; 
achenss flattened, enclosed in a seale. The seeds are 
pungent and are used medicinally for toothache and as a 
pot herb. 
medium size, annual, velvety, leafy upwards, stout ; 
leaves 3-5 in., upper often alternate, ovate-lanceolate, 
or lanceolate-oblong, or linear, sessile, half stem-clasping, 
blunt-pointed, sharply toothed; flowers imner tubular, 
outer ligulate, yellow, in stalked axillary or terminal heads, 
3-1 in. diam., bracts of heads 5, almost in 2 series, outer 
almost leaf-like, broadly oblong or ovate, blunt, green, 
inner like the scales of the floor of the head, pappus hairs 
none, outer corollas ligulate, few, 2-3-toothed, mner tubular, 
5-toothed, anther-bases abrupt, entire, style-arms hairy ; 
achenes smooth, flattened, tip rounded. 
medium size, stout, annual, smooth; leaves 3-5 in., 
base toothed, sometimes nearly united; flowers yellow, 
in drooping clustered or nearly solitary discoid heads, 
2-1 in. diam., bracts in 2 rows, united below, outer green, 
inner dry, thin, receptacle scales narrow, flat, nearly as long 
as the flowers, pappus of 2-4, stiff, barbed bristles, flowers 
tubular, 5-toothed ; achenes flattened, slender, black, some- 
times thickened and armed with recurved spines. 
STAMENS FIVE. 
sce Herbs, Erect, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple, 
