Plants of the Punjab. 367 
Herss, Erect, with ALTERNATE ExstIpuLATE LoBED LEAVES. 
Echinops cornigerus, 
ComposiTm. 
fo Be Ft in. 358: 
Himalaya, 
6-9,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Kashmir. 
Echinops niveus, 
ComposiItm. 
fF Bek ii. 359: 
Himalaya, 
4-6,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Cousinia minuta, 
Lakhtet, kandiart, 
Composit zm. 
Bul. 1. 359: 
The Plaing, west of 
the Jhelum. 
Salt Range. 
Sakesar. 
Rawalpindi. ° 
Cousinia Thomsoni, 
CoMPposiTm. 
¥.-B: I. 1: 360, 
Himalaya, 
10-14,000 ft. 
Lahul, 
PETALS UNITED. 
FLOWERS, MINUTE, IN HEADS, ALL TUBULAR. 
very like the last species, but stem undivided below, 
very leafy, leaves much larger, balls much larger, often 
without spines, flowers much larger. 
very like the last species, but the leaves are much 
more divided, often curved back. 
small, annual, branches spreading, thistle-like ; leaves 
sessile, oblong or lanceolate, pinnately divided, somewhat 
spinecent, grey, cobwebby on both surfaces ; flowers yellow, 
in small numerous heads, round, terminal or in the forks of 
the branches, floor of heads with smooth bristles, bracts 
round heads, 15-20, triangular-lanceolate, stout, spread- 
ing, turned back, tips spinous, pappus hairs in one series, 
rough, soon falling off, corollas tubular, slender, unequally 
5-fid, anther-bases forked ; achenes smooth, ovoid with a 
broad top, flattened, 5-7-angled, abruptly ended with 
minutely toothed ring. This plant when young is eaten 
as a vegetable in the Salt Range. 
large, biennial, stout, cottony, stem not winged, 
branched, leaves radical, 5-10 by 2-1} in., stalked, linear, 
deeply pinnately divided, segments horizontal, triangular, 
with a stiff-long spine, cobwebby above, white felted be- 
neath, stem leaves ovate-lanceolate, sessile or forked at 
the base, flowers 4-} in. long, in terminal stalked heads, 
11-2 in. diam., bracts of heads many, woolly, 4-1} in. long, 
floor of heads with rough hairs, 2 in. ; for other characters 
see the last species. 
