380 Plants of the Punjab. 
Horas, Erect, witH ALTERNATE ExstiputaTE Losep LxEavss. 
PETALS UNITED. 
FLOWERS, MINUTE, IN HEADS, ALL LIGULATE. 
Prenanthes very like a Lactuca, but the heads are fewer flowered, 
Brunoniana, narrower, flowers rose-purple, achenes have no beak. 
Composit. 
Bo be 1,1. 40h. 
Himalaya, 
6-9,000 it. 
Simla (Collett). 
Kashmir, 
Prenanthes see Herbs, Unbranched, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple. 
violzfolia, 
Picridium | see Herbs, Unbranched, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple. 
tingitanum, 
Sonchus asper, 
Sow thistle, 
CoMPOSITA). 
FL SB. 1. m.414. 
The Plains to 
12,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Kashmir. 
Baluchistan (Lace). 
Sonchus oleraceus, 
Sow thistle, 
Dodak. 
CoMPOSITA). 
F. B.. 1, ai. 414. 
The Plains to 
8,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Baluchistan 
(Stocks). 
medium size, annual, flowers from December to April, 
smooth, succulent, juice milky, stems hollow, grooved or 
angled ; leaves 6-10 by 2-3 in., radical stalked, hard, pin- 
nately lobed or lanceolate, toothed, teeth long, unequal, 
spinous, stem leaves half stem-clasping, forked, basal-lobes 
recurved, rounded ; flowers yellow, in ovoid many flowered 
heads 3-1 in. diam., forming terminal branching racemes, 
bracts of heads many, smooth, overlapping, groen, outer 
smaller, floor of head naked, flat, ligules long spreading, 
5-toothed, pappus copious, white, not feathery ; achenes 
oval, flattened, 8-5-ribbed on each face, minutely trans- 
versely wrinkled, not beaked. 
very like the last species, but flowers in the summer 
only, leaves prickly, not spinous, teeth small, thin, terminal 
lobe large. The root and leaves were once used ag 
galactagogues : the latter are eaten as a vogetable and 
given to cattle. 
