Plants of the Punjab. » 455 
Herss, UNBRANCHED, WITH Opposite ExstripuLATE LoBED LEAVES. 
Caltha palustris, 
Amorphophallus 
campanulatus 
Jangli-saran. 
ARACES or 
AROIDES. 
HB. vic 51S. 
The Plains. 
Biophytum 
sensitivum, 
GERANIACES. 
Be Be 436: 
The Plains to 
6,000 ft. 
PETALS NONE. 
see Herbs, Erect, Alternate, Exstipulate, Lobed. 
large, perennial, root tuberous, 8-10 in. diam.; leaves 
1 to 2, 12-36 in. broad, 8-lobed, lobes pinnately divid- 
ed, lobules oblong, short-pointed, leaf stalk dark green with 
pale patches ; flowers male and female continguous on a 
very stout spadix (rod) in a spathe (sheath) 6-9 in. across, 
orbicular, obovate, leathery or fleshy, green, usually with 
white spots, greenish-purple above, rough, dark purple 
within, towards the base, spadix very stout, exserted or 
included, dirty red and yellow with fetid smell, anthere 
2-4, sessile, oblong, and ovaries globose or obovoid, style 
Bhort or long, stigma entire or 2-4-lobed ; berries obovoid. 
This plant is widely cultivated for its tuberous root 
(zamin kund) which is cooked and eaten, a8 a medicine 
it is uncooked, dried and sliced (saran). 
CoMPOUND LEAVES. 
PETALS UNUNITED. 
small, annual, stem long or short, stout or slender ; 
leaves 14-5 in. long, in a circle on the top of the stem, pin- 
nate, leaflets 6-15 pairs, 4-3 in., oblong, nearly straight 
except the terminal one, opposite, main leaf stalks swollen 
at the base ; flowers small, yellow, in umbels, main flower 
stalk 4-5 in., bracts rigid, bristly, minor flower stalks 
usually shorter than the sepals, sepals 5, lanceolate, rigid, 
grooved, glandular, bristly, petals 5, twice the length of 
the sepals, stamens 10, 5 outer smaller, styles 5, stigmas 
notched or divided ; capsule oblong with rounded ends, 
Shining, splitting into 5 valves, seeds few in each cell, 
minute, with broken ridges. 
Heres, UNBRANCHED, WITH ALTERNATE STIPULATE SIMPLE LEAVES. 
Viola biflora, 
VIOLACER. 
ES Badteeh32, 
Himalaya, 
6-11,000 ft. 
Hattu (Collett). 
Kashmir, 
PETALS UNUNITED. 
small, perennial, smooth or velvety, rootstock slender, 
stem 8-12 in., erect or prostrate; leaves 1-2 in. diam., 
_ kidney-shaped, round-toothed, stipules ovate or oblong, 
stem leaves 2-3; flowers yellow, 1 or 2 on the same 
stalk, some large petalled which ripen a few seeds, others 
small petalled or without petals with many seeds, 2-brac- 
teolate, sepals 5, persistent, linear-obtuse, produced at 
the base, petals 5, erect or spreading, lower largest, base 
