482 
Plants of the Punjab. 
* 
Herps, UNBRANCHED, WITH ALTERNATE ExstTIPULATE SimpLE LEAVES. 
PETALS UNITED. 
FLOWERS, MINUTE, IN HEADS, ALL LIGULATE. 
Prenanthes 
violefolia, 
ComposiItTm. 
BBY T. ai. 412. 
Himalaya, 
9-12,000 ft 
Hattu (Collett). 
Kashmir. 
Picridium 
tingitanum, 
Composit. 
Feb, fa 413, 
The Plains. 
The Salt Range, 
Tilla. 
Baluchistan. 
Tragopogon gracile, 
ComposiTa. 
BB wT. 
Himalaya, 
6-10,000 ft. 
Simla (Collett). 
Hazara. 
Baluchistan. 
Tragopogon 
pratense, 
Goat’s beard, 
ComposiTm. 
F. B. I. iii. 418, 
Himalaya, 
12-14,000 ft. 
small, very slender, juice milky, smooth except a few 
hairs on the leaf stalk, stem 12 in., sometimes sparingly 
branched ; leaves 1-2 in. long and broad, long-stalked, 
ovate-heart-shaped, triangular or forked, tip and basal 
lobes blunt or short-pointed, entire or obscurely toothed, 
waxy bluish-green beneath, leaf stalk sometimes winged, or 
dilated at the base, rarely with a pair of oblong lobes ; 
flowers 3-8, purple, in few, nearly solitary, pendulous heads, 
3-2 in. long, in racemes, bracts of receptacle 4 in., inner 
linear, blunt, outer very small, receptacle flat, naked, 
pappus white, ligules 5-toothed, long, spreading, style-arms 
long ; achenes 4 in., oblong with rounded ends, contracted 
at both ends, smooth, angled, not beaked. The achenes 
differentiate it from Lactueca. 
small to medium size, annual, juice milky, smooth, 
stem 6-18 in., stout; leaves 1-5 in., radical long, ovate 
with a broad tip, or spoon-shaped, blunt, toothed, or pin- 
nately divided, stem leaves half stem-clasping, base forked 
into 2 lobes ; flowers yellow, in heads 1}in. diam., stalk 
thickened under the head, bracts of receptacle heart- 
shaped, very broad, thin margins thickened, tips imner 
oblong, receptacle flat, naked; achenes , in. long, pale 
corky, 4-angled or 4-ribbed, pappus4in., very soft and 
white, united at the base into a ring. 
small to medium size, biennial or perennial, quite 
smooth, juice milky ; leaves 8-10 by }-4 in., very narrow, 
linear, keeled, zig-zag, stem clasping, base dilated, radical 
often equalling the flower stalk; flowers yellow, in 
terminal large long-stalked heads, stalk not thickened 
above, bracts of receptacle 5-8, 3-1} in, long, shorter than 
the flowers, green, receptacle pitted ; achenes 4 in., smooth, 
slender, 5-angled, 5-10-ribbed, ribs smooth, beak short, 
not slender, pappus feathery, united in a basal ring. 
like the last species, but stem often branched, leafy, 
flower stalk hardly thickened above, bracts sometimes 
longer than the flowers, achenes 3-1 in., beak long, rough 
with short projections. 
