508 
Plants of the Punjab. 
Herss, UNBRANCHED, WITH ALTERNATE ExstiputAtTe Losup Luavzs. 
PETALS UNITED. 
FLOWERS, MINUTE, IN HEADS, ALL TUBULAR. 
Jurinea 
ceratocarpa, 
Jurinea 
macrocephala, 
Dhup, gugal, 
shangar. 
ComposiTa. 
EB 378. 
Himalaya, 
11-14,000 ft. 
Kashmir. 
Serratula pallida, 
Tridax procumbens, 
Achillea Millefolium, 
‘Milfoil or Yarrow, 
~Momadru 
chopandiga 
(Kashmir). 
Buimaderan 
(Pushtu). 
Composit”. 
Pepa? inhore. 
Himalaya, 
6-11,000 ft. 
Mahasu, Hattu 
(Collett). 
‘Kashmir, 
see Herbs, Unbranched, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple. 
medium size, perennial, root woody, stemless ; leaves 
6-18 by 14-7 in., oblong-lanceolate, pinnate or pmnately 
divided, lobes contiguous, lobulate or pinnately divided, 
sometimes crisped, finely toothed, teeth short-pointed or 
with a large stiff pomt on a nearly straight margin, cob- 
webby or cottony above, white-felted beneath, flowers 
1-1} in., purple, in many sessile or shortly stalked heads 
3-30, 2-1 in. diam., stalks of head stout, cottony or felted 
at the base, bracts of the head 3-1} in., outer ovate-lance- 
olate, inner oblong-lanceolate, long-poimted, rough or 
smooth, erect, bristles of floor of head short, very stiff, 
united into cups; achenes 4-4 in., curved, flattened, '4-5- 
angled, ashy grey, tubercled, pappus hairs abundant, 1 in., 
brown, united at the base. The roots called Dhup are 
used as incense in Thibet, and exported to the Plains as a 
medicine. 
see Herbs, Unbranched, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple. 
INNER TUBULAR, OUTER LIGULATE. 
see Prostrate Herbs, Alternate, Exstipulate, Lobed. 
small to medium size, perennial, velvety, root bear- 
ing runners, stems 6-18 in., grooved, leafy ; leaves 2-6 in., 
narrowly oblong-lanceolate, pinnately divided and re-divid- 
ed, segments close set, linear, short-pointed, radical stalked, 
stem leaves sessile ; flowers, inner yellow, outer white or 
pinkish, in ovoid, Shortly-stalked heads } in. diam., crowd- 
ed in compound flat-topped branching racemes, bracts of 
head few, erect, outer shorter, floor of head flat, covered 
with thin oblong scales, nearly equal to the corollas, inner 
flowers 5-toothed, outer ligules rounded, reflexed, anther- 
bases blunt, style-arms tipped with long brushes of hairs, 
pappus none ; achenes oblong, flattened with 2 hard wings, 
shining. This plant was used in Europe as an aromatic, 
stimulant and is still used'in India. 
