Plants of the Punjab. 587 
a a a SS a a EE 
CLIMBING PLANTS wiTtH Opposite ExstTIpULATE SIMPLE LEAVEs. 
Ephedra 
peduneularis, 
Kuchan, lastuk. 
GNETACER. 
EY B. Iv. 64F. 
The Plains, 
west of the Jhelum. 
The Salt Range. 
The Park, 
Rawalpindi. 
Dioscorea glabra, 
Chinese yam, 
Di1oscoREACE. 
BeBe bs vii 294. 
The Plains to 
5,000 ft. 
Valleys below Simla, 
Fifth Waterfall 
(Collett). 
Dioscorea sativa, 
Polygonatum 
cirrifolium, 
Gloriosa superba, 
Kariari, mulim. 
LILIACER. 
PoBuTs vi. 358: 
The Plains to 
5,000 !t. 
Sutlej Valley, 
Subathu (Collett). 
PETALS NONE. 
perennial, male and female flowers on different plants 
jointed at the nodes, producing long runners, often with 
a bluish-grecn waxy gloss, branchlets often in tufts and 
thread-like, sometimes roughish, slender ; leave: often want- 
ing, consist of thread-like and linear scales at the nodes ; 
flowers in the axils of opposite bracts on solitary or clustered 
catkins and cones, male catkins often on stalkg 1-14 in., 
rarely axillary, or sessile, 6-20-flowered, male flowers 
calyx of 2 sepals, anther; 2-10, sessile, female flowers 
4 pairs of bristly bracts, lower pairs united, plate-like, 
uppermost shortly 2-fid, ovule naked with outer coat 
formed into a tube which is the style; fruit :ometimes 
with fleshy red bracts which look almost like grapes and 
are juicy and edible, seeds oblong, convex on one side, 
flat on the other, coat dry. 
perennial, smooth, male and female flowers on different 
plants, root tuberous, stems stout, flattened, twining a 
leaves 3-8 by 1-43 in., orbicular, ovate-oblong, base deeply 
notched, net-veined, s'alk 1-34 in., tip forming a long tail- 
like poit; flowers minute, greenish on slender axillary 
spike:, male spikes 1-14 in., many, clustered, spreading, 
male flowers round, single or clustered, <epals 6 in 2 series, 
outer ovate-oblong, inner ovate with broad tip, stamens 6, 
all anther bearing, female spikes 6-8 in., usually solicary, 
female flowers sepals as be ore but on the ovary, styles 3 ; 
capsule 1} in. diam., 3 wings, broadly rounded, seeds flat- 
tened, winged all round, sca'y buds or bulbils grow in the 
axils of leaves or flower bracts, fall to the ground and take 
root. 
see Climbing Plants, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple. 
see Climbing Plants, Alternate, Exstipulate, Simple. 
perennial, rootstock consists of a serics of tubers, 
stamens 10-20 ft., annual, green, leafy, climbing by means 
of its leaves ; leaves 6-8 in., lanceolate, sometimes scatter: 
ed or in circles of three, sessile or shortly stalked, tips 
linear, spirally twisting; flowers 38-4 in. across, yellow 
with scarlet tips changing to crimson, solitary or in clus- 
ters on stalks 4-6 in. in the axils of leaves, sepals 6, 2-3 
in., lanceolate, separate, spreading at first, reflexed after- 
wards, margins wavy, curled, stamens 6, first green, then 
