624 
Plants of the Punjab, 
WATER PLANTS. 
HERBS WITH OpposiTtE EXsTIPULATE SIMPLE LEAVES. 
Hygrophila spinosa, 
Hydrilla verticillata, 
Janjh, jala. 
HyDROCHARITACER. 
BBO: y659. 
The Plains to 
2,000 ft. 
In still or slowly 
running waters. 
Baluchistan. 
Lagarosiphon 
Roxburghii, « 
HyDROCHARITACEA, 
ib. ve Ooo. 
The Plains in 
stagnant water. 
Hydrocharis 
Morsus-rane, 
Frog Bit, 
HypROCHARITACES. 
r F. B. I. v. 662. 
Kashmir, in stagnant 
‘ water. 
PETALS UNITED. 
see Herbs, Erect, 
Entire, Corolla 2-lipped. 
Opposite, Exstipulate, Simple, 
small, submerged, leafy, forming large masses, male 
and female organs in separate flowers; leaves }-4 in., 
linear or oblong-lmear, four to eight leaves in a whorl, 
with a short sheathing one at the base of each branch, and a 
short pair above this ; flowers 4 to + in. long, male flowers 
solitary, shortly stalked in small sessile nearly round 
sheaths, rough with short processes, sepals 3, ovate, green, 
petals 8, oblong or wedge-shaped, stamens 3, anthers 
large, kidney-shaped, the male flower when mature 
escapes from the sheath and floats on the water, female 
flowers 1-2, sessile in a tubular 2-toothed sheath, sepals 
and petals as in the male flower, styles 2-3, lmear, undivid- 
ed, stigmas 3, fringed, the styles and stigmas are contained 
in a beak of the ovary which projects beyond the sheaths ; 
fruit awl-shaped, smooth or rough, seeds 2-3, oblong. This 
plant is used by sugar refiners to cover the sugar and allow 
water to pass through slowly. 
medium size, stem thread-like, branching, leafy, sub- 
merged, male and female organs in separate flowers ; leaves 
3-4 im. long, linear-lanceolate, often twisted, nerveless, 
short-pointed, scattered ; male flowers minute, many, on a 
short spadix on an ovoid 2-valved axillary sessile sheath, 
sepals 8, petaloid, petals rather shorter, anthers 2, ovoid, 
female flower solitary, sessile in a narrow oblong sheath, 
sepals and petals as in the male, styles 8, stout, notched 
on the filiform beak of the ovary ; fruit ovoid, oblong, or 
linear, many-seeded, 
small, annual, floating, bearing runners which produce 
buds, break off in the autumn, sink to the bottom and come 
up next spring to become new plants ; leaves 1-1} in. diam., 
circular or kidney-shaped, quite entire, often reddish 
beneath, male and female organs in separate flowers ; 
flowers 1} in. diam., male flowers 2-3 in a stalked two- 
leaved sheath, sepals 3, green, small, oblong, petals 3, thin, 
broadly ovate witha broad tip, papery,¢rumpled, wh te, 
stamens 6-9 with 8-6 staminodes, filaments forked, female 
flowers solitary, long-stalked, sepals and petals as in the 
male flower, but witha fleshy tubercle at the base, stami- 
nodes 6 in pairs, stigmas 6, linear, 2-fid ; fruit fleshy, ovoid 
or oblong, 6-celled, seeds many, 
