Plants of the Punjab. 629 
WATER PLANTS. 
Heres with ALTERNATE STIPULATE SIMPLE LBAVES. 
Nymphea alba, 
Water-Lily, 
Brimposh, nilofar. 
NYMPHHACER. 
Woe Ber a4: 
Kashmir. 
Nymphea Lotus, 
Chota Kanwal. 
NyMPH= CE. 
Hobe Ts 1-114: 
The Plains. 
Nympheea stellata, 
Bambher, nilpadma. 
NyMPH#ACES. 
FB. E 1..114. 
The Plains. 
Euryale ferox, 
Gorgon fruit, 
Makhana, jewar, 
NyYMPHHACER. 
Bib ete bib. 
Kashmir. 
PETALS UNUNITED. 
large, perennial, rootstock creeping, submerged 3 
leaves 5-10 in. diam., base heart-shaped, nearly circular, 
quite entire, floating, stalks long, hollow, in deep water 
ribbon-like, submerged leaves are sometimes found, stipules 
at the base of stalks ; flowers 3-4 in. diam., floating, stalks 
long from rootstock, sepals 4, petals many, stamens many, 
petaloid, anthers without appendages, linear, pollen 
bristly, stigmas 6, forming a rosette of 6 rays in the centre 
of the top of the round berry 14 in. long in which the 16 
carpels containing many minute seeds are sunk, at first 
the carpels sink to the bottom and ripen, then burst, 
the seeds first float then sink. 
like the last species, but rootstock short, erect, tuber- 
ous, leaves undulating sharp-toothed, arrow-shaped when 
young, flowers often pink or red, sepals blunt, ribbed, 
pollen smooth, anthers without appendages. The root is 
often eaten, and is used as a cooling medicine and de- 
mulcent. 
like the last species, but the leaves often entire, flowers 
sometimes blue or purple, petals 10-30, stamens 10-30, 
stigmas 10-30, anthers with long appendages. The root 
and seeds are often eaten. 
large, perennial, densely prickly, stemless, rootstock 
thick, short ; leaves 1-4 ft. diam., oval or circular, green 
above, downy reddish beneath with strong spiny ribs ; 
flowers 1-2 in. long, partially submerged, violet inside, green 
and shining outside, sepals 4, erect, with recurved spines 
on their backs, petals 20 or so, in 8-5 series, shorter than 
the sepals, narrowly-ovate-oblong, stamens many, in 
bundles of 8, linear, stigma depressed, concave discoid ; 
berry 2-4 in. diam., nearly round, prickly, crowned with 
the persistent sepais, seeds 8-20, size of a pea to @ cherry, 
coat pulpy, skin thick, black. The seeds are roasted and 
eaten, and considered very digestible and very strengthen. 
ing, 
