Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 27 



Bijdr. 889 and 890. Centratherum cJiinense, Less, in Linnsea (1829) 

 320. Synanthera, Wall. Cat. 7136. 



Penang : J. Scott ; Curtis 931 ; King ; Dcscham2)s ; Malacca : 

 Cuming; Griffith; Hullett 634:. Singapore: King. — Distrib. Malay 

 Archipelago, Philippines. 



3. Vernonia cinerea, Less, in Linnaea, IV. 291, and VI. 673. 

 Herbaceous, erect, 6 to 18 in. high, with more or less minute whitish 

 pubescence everywhere ; stems slender, striate. Leaves membranous 

 with variable petioles, ovate or lanceolate, sometimes obovate or oblan- 

 ceolate, the apex obtuse or acute, the edges obtusely or acutely toothed, 

 the base narrowed, both surfaces olivaceous-cinereous when dry, the 

 upper glabrous or nearly so, the lower more or less cinereous-pubes- 

 cent ; length 1-5 to 3 in. ; breadth -3 to -5 in. ; petiole -1 to -5 in. (in 

 the lower leaves). Heads -2 to -25 in. in diam., on 10- to 20-flowered, 

 loose, terminal, long-peduncled, corymbose cymes with divaricate 

 branches ; bracts of peduncle very few. Involucral scales linear-lan- 

 ceolate, acuminate or almost awned, shorter than the florets, 1-nerved, 

 •1 in. long, densely pubescent. Corolla pubescent, the tube very narrow 

 lavender. Cypselas minute; pappus copious, dirty white, the outer row 

 very short. DC. Prod. V. 24, in Wight Contrib. 6 ; Wall. Cat. 3008 ; 

 Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 234 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11. 11 ; Prain 

 Bengal Plants, 590. V. conyzoides, DC. in Wight Contrib. 6; Prod. 

 V. 25. V. rhomhoidea and V. viontana, Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 

 XX. 62. V. albicans, DC. in Wight Contrib. 6 {in part); Wight 

 Ic. 1076. 7. ahhreviata and leptophylla, DC. I.e. 25. V. laxiflora. 

 Less, in Linngea, VI. 646 ; DC. I.e. 25. 7. physalifolia, DC. in 

 Wight Contrib. 6 ; Prod. Fl. Pen. Ind. Or. 24. 7 jyarvijiora, Unifolia, 

 and fasciculata, Eeinw. in Bl. Bijdr. 893. 7 Z oiling eriana, Schultz- 

 Bip. in Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. II. 16. 7. cyanonioides, Walp. in Linnaea 

 XIV. 509. Conyza ahhreviata, Wall. Cat. 3048; G. hellidifolia, id. 

 3047; cinerascens, 3062; incana, 3046; linifolia, 3063; elegantula, 3049; 

 ovata, 3097, and suh- simplex, 3003. C. cinerea, Linn. Sp. PI. 862 ; 

 Wall. Cat. 3008. C. prolifera and G. heterophylla, Lam. Encyl. II. 84. 

 Serratula cinerea, Eoxb. Hort. Beng. 60. Chrysocoma purpwrea, Forst. 

 Prod. 54. C. violacea, Schum. PI. Guin. 384. Cyanopis decurrens, 

 Zoll. 



In all the provinces, in waste places near cultivation. — Distrib. 

 All tropical countries. 



2. Elephantopus, Linn. 



Perennial rigid herbs. Leaves alternate, sessile, penninerved, entire 

 or dentate, mostly radical. Heads hoinogamous, each containing 1 to 5 



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