Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 43 



hiflom and W. scabriuscula, DC. Prod. V. 546, 547. W. hiflora, 

 Wight Ic. 1108. Verbesina hiflora, Linn. Sp. PI. Ed. II. 1272. Wall. 

 Cat. 3207 {in part). V. dichotoyna, Wall. Cat. 3024 {in part). 

 Eclipta scahriuscula, Wall. Cat. 3212 (partly). Acmella hiflora, Spreng.. 

 Syst. III. 591. 



On the sea coast, common. 



17. Spilanthes, Linn. 



Annual herbs. Leaves opposite. Heads axillary or terminal,, 

 usually on long peduncles, heterogamous and rayed, or homogamous- 

 and disciform. Bay-florets ? , in a single series, fertile, Hgulate, white 

 or yellow. Disk-florets i, fertile, tubular, with 4- or 5-fid limb. 

 Involucre ovoid or campanulate, the bracts sub-2-seriate ; receptacle 

 convex, elongate, the pales enclosing the flowers often connate with 

 the ovary into a stalk. Anthers with truncate entire or bifid bases. 

 Style-arms of ^ florets truncate. Cypselas of ray-florets triquetrous 

 or dorsally compressed, the margins and angles usually ciliate; pappus, 

 none or of 2 or 3 bristles. — Distrib. About 40 species, chiefly tropical 

 American. 



Spilanthes Acmella, Murr. Syst. ed. XIII. 610. Erect or ascend- 

 ing, glabrous, branched, 1 to 2 feet long; the branches as thick as 

 a crow-quill, striate, glabrous, pale brown when dry. Leaves mem- 

 branous, ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, with sub-acute apex and cuneate 

 base, the edges crenate serrate or entire ; main-nerves a single pair,. 

 ascending; length -75 to 1-5 in.; petioles -1 to -3 in. long. Heads ovoid- 

 conical, -35 to -5 in. long, on slender peduncles 1 to 2-5 in long, soHtary 

 or in very lax panicles. Livolucral bracts short, oblong, blunt or sub- 

 acute, 3-nerved. Bay-florets minute. Cypselas sometimes marginate, 

 scabrid or smooth ; pappus of one or two bristles or absent. DC. Prod. 

 V. 623 ; Prain Bengal Plants, 614 ; Wall. Cat. 3285 ; Clarke Comp. 

 Ind. 138 ; Hook. fil. El. Br. Ind. III. 307. S. calva, DC. I.e. V. 625 ; 

 Wight Ic. 1109. S. pseudo- Acmella, Linn. ; DC. I.e. 625, and in 

 Wight Contrib. 19 ; Wall. Cat. 3185. S. oleracea, Jacq. Hort. Vind. IL 

 t. 135 ; Eoxb. El. Ind. III. 410 ; DC. I.e. 624. Bidens fervida and 

 B. flxa, Lamk. Diet. I. 415, 416. Cotula conica, Wall. Cat. 3185. 

 Verbesina Acmella, Linn. Sp. PI. 901. V. pseudo- Acmella, Linn. I.e. 901. 



Malacca: Griffith (K.D.) 3186; Cuming 2361. Perak : Scortechinl 

 1400. Penang : Deschamps. 



18. Synedrella, Gaertn. 



Annual branched herbs. Leaves opposite, petiolate, dentate. Head& 

 small, axillary and terminal, heterogamous, rayed. Livolucre ovoid or 



253 



