INTRODUCTION XCV 



a warm friendship thenceforward subsisted between the two. In 1543 

 he took up his residence at Basle, and the following year at Cologne. 

 From these places he issued his controversial publications, which were 

 prohibited in 1546 or 1547 by a proclamation of Henry VIII. On the 

 accession of Edward VI he returned to England, and in 1548 published 

 the work entitled The Karnes o/Herbes above mentioned. On July 3, 1550. 

 the Privy Council sent letters directing his election as Provost of Oriel 

 College in the University of Oxford, but that headship appears to have 

 been already filled up by the election of Joseph Smythe, B.D., on the 

 preceding 17th of June. On the 27th day of the following September 

 Dr. Turner wrote a letter to Sir William Cecil, praying that he might 

 be appointed President of Magdalen College, Oxford, but Dr. Haddon 

 was elected head of that College on the last day of that same month. 

 Shortly after Turner was appointed to the Deanery of Wells. About 

 this time (1551) he was incorporated M.D. at Oxford, and in the same 

 year appeared the first volume of The Herbal, dedicated to the Lord 

 Protector Somerset. In the preface the author says : ' I have in this 

 boke taught the latine name, the greke, the englysh name, the duch^ 

 and the frenche name, most commonly of every herbe that I write of.' 

 In 1552 Turner was ordained priest, Ridley, Bishop of London, 

 officiating. Six months later, on the accession of Mary, Turner again 

 had to quit England. He took up his residence in Germany, where 

 he remained during the whole of Mary's reign. On the accession of 

 Elizabeth in 1558 he returned to England, and was reinstated in the 

 Deanery of Wells. The second part of his ^ Eerball' was printed at 

 Cologne in 1562. In 1568 he published TJie first and second parts of the 

 Herbal, &c., corrected and enlarged, together with a third part. To 

 this work was added A Booke of the Bathe of Baetit, in England, dedicated 

 to (^ueen Elizabeth. In the completed Herbal Teiicrium Scordium is 

 again referred to as 'growing in Oxfordshyre in good i^lenty'j of 

 Ruscus he says : ' This bushe groweth very plenteously in Barkeshyre.' 

 The Kneholme or Butcher's Broom {Ruscus aculeatus) is thus the first 

 precisely recorded Berkshire plant. Another probable Berkshire 

 species is Anemone Pidsatilla, which is recorded in the following 

 terms : • It groweth about Oxford, as my friend Falconer told me '; but 

 while the plate is A. Fxdscdilla, the description points to A. Jsemorosa. 

 The woodcuts of Turner's Herbcd are taken from Fuchs. Of the five 

 hundred and twelve plates in Fuchs, Turner has used upwards of four 

 hundred, and has added about ninety new ones. In some instances 

 the figures have been misapplied, and in a few cases no description of 

 the plate is given. 



Turner died on July 7, 1568, and was buried on the 9th in the 

 Church of St. Olave, Hart Street, Crutched Friars, where a tablet to 

 his memory may be seen. For further particulars of Turner's life and 



