xl. THE FLORA OF HALIFAX. 



Lotus uliginosus Scirpus setaceus 



Chrysosplcnium oppositi folium Carex echinata 



Callitriche stagnalis C. curta 



Epilobium obscuvum C. ovalis 



E. palustre C. Goodenowii 



Hydrocotyle vulgaris C. flacca 



CEnanthe crocata C. Icevigata 



Galium. Witheringii C. binervis 



Valeriana dioica (rare) C. flava 



Solidago Virgaurea Phalaris arundinacea 



Achillea Ptarmica Alopecurvs geniculatus 



Senecio aquations Agrostis palustris 



Cnicus palustris Deschampsia caspitosa 



Crepis paludosa Glyceria flidtans 



Taraxacum palustre Equisetum sylvaticum 



Lysimachia nemorum E. limosum 



Sphagnum spp. 



This association differs very much from the previous lists of 

 aquatic and marsh plants, and the rushes and sedges in partic- 

 ular are numerically well represented. It should not be 

 overlooked tha in addition to Sphagnum, many mosses and 

 hepatics are members of the society. 



It only remains to glance at the uppermost portion of its 

 course, where it exists as a moorland rill, to complete our 

 survey of the stream we have been working up. The associa- 

 tions met with here more properly belong to the moors, but the 

 bracken may be looked upon as a clough plant which follows 

 the stream up as long as the slopes of the dwindling valley 

 afford it any shelter. Its upward limit is about 1200 feet, and 

 its presence may easily be recognised at a distance, by the 

 strong contrast the bracken-clad slopes make with the heather 

 or other adjoining moorland societies, as is well seen on ap- 

 proaching Gorple Water, or the upper part of Walshaw Dean. 

 Though the two heaths (Erica) also stop short at about 1,250 

 feet, their case is not similar, for they are also found on the flat 

 moor top, as well as on the slopes, whereas bracken is not. 

 The hard-fern also follows the stream up to this stage, and the 

 rushes, Sphagnum, Polytvichum commune and other mosses are 

 found on its banks. Veronica scutellata seems to belong to this 

 association exclusively, but there is no recent record of it. 



In approaching the moors from the cloughs, we pass 

 through an intervening belt of pasture land, the farm-houses 



