IXXll THE FLORA OF HALIFAX. 



every case, to assign the species the lower rank, and to interpret 

 the query as a negation. 



In order to distinguish clearly between the more essential 

 constituents of the Mora, and the accidental, the names and 

 synonyms of all aliens, whether called such, or casuals, garden 



apes, or introductions, are printed in italics. If a census- 

 number follows a name in italics, it shows that the species is 

 more tiuly native elsewdiere in Britain. But if the number is 

 wanting, the species is regarded nowhere as more than an alien. 

 The main list does not include any plants that are not mentioned 

 in the London Catalogue, such foreign species as have occurred 

 being relegated to the Appendix. 



vi. — The next particular, also due to H. C. Watson, is 

 intended to show the distribution of the plants in Britain as a 

 whole, or in which part of the island each species is most 

 prevalent. An explanation of these ' types ' has already been 

 given in Chapter II., page xxiv. 



vii. — The duration of the plant, whether Annual, Biennial, 

 or Perennial, is indicated by the abbreviations A, B, and P 

 respectively. The terms Shrub and Tree are also employed. 



viii.--The last specific item is a statement of the months 

 when the plant is in flower, or otherwise in a suitable state for 

 identification. In the case of at least all the commoner flowers 

 the data are based on local observations. 



ix. — Then there follows a list, in chronological order, of 

 all the published or accessible records of the occurrence 

 of each plant within the parish. The admirable " Flora of the 

 West Riding," by F. Arnold Lees was the quarry which pro- 

 vided the foundations of this list. But as the present work 

 also includes many additional records of local botanists during 

 the last sixty years, perhaps these contributions to a more 

 exact knowdedge of the West Riding Flora will repay the 

 indebtedness. Particulars of every source of information 

 will be found in Chapter III ; and the origin of every record 

 can be at once traced, if it is not apparent, by reference to the 

 corresponding year in the Bibliography (Chapter IV.) When 

 the record is based on a herbarium specimen, it is clearly 

 indicated ; the date in this case will vary considerably, or may 

 be wanting. The name of the authority for the record is put 

 in italics ; in the case of some few oft quoted names initials 

 are substituted, or the name abbreviated, but no + invariably. 



x. — The last paragraph describes our knowledge of the 

 occurrence and distribution of the plant at the present day. 



