CLASS V. ORDER I.] VIOLA. 323 



the lower ovate, the upper oblong; stipules lyrate, pinnatified, much 

 divicled. 



English Botany, t. 721. — English Flora, vol. i. p. 307. — Hooker, 

 British Flora, vol. i. p. 122. — Lindley, Synopsis, p. 36. V.grandiflora, 

 Hudson, not Linn. 



a. grandifiora. Flowers large, the plant small. V. grandijlora^ 

 Vill. Cat. 



/3, sudetica. Flowers large, petals often deeply crenated. V. 

 sudetica, Willd. 



y. majus. Leaves broadly ovate, subcoriaceous, flowers deep yellow. 



Root small, fibrous. Stei7i from three to six inches high, much 

 branched and curved at the base, sometimes simple, weak and slender, 

 angular, hairy or smooth. Leaves numerous, alternate, on flat foot- 

 stalks, slightly crenated, and more or less hairy, with a mid-rib and 

 slender lateral veins, the lower ones ovate, somewhat heart-shaped at 

 the base, the upper ovate oblong* Stipules large, lyrate, with nu- 

 merous narrow linear segments, the terminal one lanceolate, ovate 

 simple, or crenated. Flotvers large, solitary, on a long slender angular 

 footstalk, quite smooth, and near the top is a pair of lanceolate, simple, 

 or more generally toothed at the base bracteas, sometimes they are 

 oblong, obtuse. Calyx of five lanceolate mostly acute segments, having 

 at its base from the point of insertion an obtuse simple or notched pro- 

 longation, smooth, or sometimes slightly hairy, and the margins are 

 often membranous, and each segment has three longitudinal ribs. 

 Corolla large or small, but always longer than the calyx, and is of 

 variable colours, sometimes entire, deep purple or yellow, or these 

 colours more or less blended together, or the two upper petals are 

 purple, and the others yellow, or the four upper ones purple, and the 

 lower yellow, the lower one and almost always the two lateral ones 

 marked with dark simple or slightly branched lines, spur obtuse, 

 scarcely extending beyond the calyx, the lateral petals with a tuft of 

 hairs at their base. Stamens and pistil similar to the last, as well as 

 the capsule and seeds. 



Habitat. — Frequent in mountain pastures in the North of England, 

 Wales, and Scotland ; and mountains near Castletown, County of 

 Cork, Ireland. 



Perennial; flowering during the Summer months. 



The variety y, majus. Sir W. J. Hooker observes, is a very singular 

 one, discovered by Mr. Murry, in Arran, and cultivated for many years 

 in the Glasgow Botanical Garden. It forms a large dense tuft, and 

 with its very numerous broad dark green leaves and bright yellow 

 flowers, makes a handsome appearance. 



VOL. I. 2 u 



