58 FLOWERS OF FIELD, HILL, AND SWAMP 



shiny, roundish or kidney-shaped leaves, crenately lobed, are very 

 common in marshy places. The tiny flowers are clustered in the 

 axils. They are nearly stemless. The outward resemblance to 

 other genera of the parsley family is remote. 



48. Small Bedstraw 



Galium trlfidum. — Family^ Madder. Color, white. Leaves, 

 in whorls, 4 to 7 ; small, i-nerved, with rough mid-ribs. Time, 

 summer. 



No calyx teeth. Corolla lobes and stamens, 3 or more. 

 Fruit, smooth. 



The fruit, as in all the galiums, is a pair of dry seed-vessels, 

 joined at first, separating when ripe into distinct carpels. The 

 square stems are weak, 5 to 20 inches high. They are covered 

 with bristles turning downward, and by this means the plant at- 

 taches itself to and lifts itself over other vegetation, often form- 

 ing dense tangles. A persistent grower, and a plant that may be 

 met with in almost any swampy ground. Variable. 



49 



A Rough bcdstra7v {G. asprcllu7ji) has a stronger stem, with 



more hooked prickles. The leaves terminate in a point, or 

 prickle. They grow in whorls of 6, or fewer, on the small 

 branches. 



Flower-stems forked 2 or 3 times. 



50. Eupatorium 



Eupaforium leucolepis.—Fatfiily, Composite. Color, white. 

 Leaves, opposite, sessile, roughish, long, narrow, finely serrate. 

 Time, summer. 



Corollas, tubular. 



About 5 flowers in a head, i to 2 feet high. Plant covered 

 with some roughness. Found in sandy bogs; very common. 



