no FLOWERS OF FIELD, IT ILL, AND SWAMP 



Leaves,\or\g, lo to 12 inches, narrow, wavy, the lower eared or 

 heart-shaped at base, with wavy, crisped margins. 7'imc, July 

 to October. 



Flowers, whorled in a dense panicle. Perianth of 6 very 

 small sepals, 3 outer, 3 inner. These inner sepals grow large 

 after flowering, and come together over the fruit (an achene). 

 They are called valves, and are supplied with 2 or 3 bristles 

 on each side, pointed and long. On the back of each a 

 "grain-like tubercle" or " callosity " is borne, of a yellow 

 color, giving the name golden. Stem stout, i to 3 feet high, 

 sometimes creeping, very leafy. 



A maritime plant, also found in the interior. 



38. Coast Knotgrass or Seaside Knotweed 



Polygonum marliimum. — Family, Buckwheat. Color, 

 greenish white or pinkish. Leaves, small, thickish, narrowly 

 oblong, jointed to the sheathing stipules, their margins often 

 turned back. Jmie. July to September. 



Low and smooth plants, with nearly sessile small flowers, i 

 to 3 clustered in the axils, without true corollas, but with a 5- 

 or 6-parted, petal-like calyx. Stamens, 8. Style, i. Achene, 

 triangular, smooth, shining. 8 to 20 inches long. 



Flower pedicels slender, jointed, and stem deeply lined. The 

 sheaths, ocreac, in this family are large, silvery, becoming brown 

 at base, torn or fringed on their edges. From Maine to Florida, 

 in sand, on the shore. 



39. Shore Knotweed 



P. littorale, also a plant of the shore, has stout stems, i to 4 

 feet long, erect or prostrate, small, oblong to lance-shaped 

 leaves, and 2 to 6 green or pinkish flowers clustered in the 

 axils; the ocreae 2-parted and fringed, i to 4 feet long. 



40. Ipecac 

 Euphorbia Ipecacuanha. — Family, Spurge. Color, white or 



