472 FLOWERS OF FIELD, HILL, AXD SWAMP 



7 



H. deiisiflbrum is tall, often 6 feet, densely leaved, very 

 much branched above, with flowers \ inch long, closely clus- 

 tered in compound cymes. 



Found in New Jersey pine barrens, southward to Kentucky and 

 Arkansas. 



8. Shrubby Trefoil. Hop-tree 



Ptelea trifo/iata. — Fmnily, Rue. Color, greenish white. 

 Leaves, 3-divided, the leaflets pointed, ovate. Time, June. 



Calyx, petals, and stamens, 3 to 5. Style, i, bearing 2 stig- 

 mas. Fruit, a round-winged, 2-celled, 2-seeded safiiara, bitter, 

 used as a substitute for hops. F/o7vers, unpleasantly scented, 

 in compound, flat clusters terminating the branches. 



A tall shrub found in rocky soil from Long Island southward. 



9. Black Alder. W^interberry 



Ilex verticillaia. — Family, Holly. Color, white. Leaves, 

 alternate, oval, broad at base, pointed, serrate, on short 

 petioles. Two to 3 inches long. Time, May and June. 



Flo7vers, of 2 sorts. Staminate flowers with a calyx of 6 

 small sepals, crowded in clusters of 3 to 12 in the axils of 

 the leaves. Corolla, with petals united, 6 or 7, spreading, re- 

 curved. Pistillate flowers, single or clustered. These have 

 false stamens, with white filaments and anthers containing no 

 pollen. Fruit, bright, scarlet berries, each filled with 6 or 8 

 seeds, round, clustered along liie stem, remaining after the 

 leaves have fallen. Flozvers, on short peduncles. 



This shrub, so beautiful in fall, is very common in the thickets 

 bordering roadsides — those thickets for which Mrs. Olive Thorne 

 M iller enters a plea that they be left as coverts for our birds. She 

 says the careful farmer who clears away all his shrubbery will 

 have few song-birds around his place. 



