SHRUBS 475 



rounded by red pulp (an aril), are attached to a crimson, 

 rough, depressed pod. 



A shrub 2 to 5 feet in height, irregular, very striking when in 

 fruit. I have found it in New Jersey, on thickety, dry roadsides. 



New York southward, and westward to Illinois. 



A variety, obovatus, trailing, and with branches rooting, is said 

 by Dr. Gray to be a commoner form. It has thin leaves and 

 grows 2 feet high. 



18. Burning-bush. Wahoo 



E. atropiirpureus bears a dark-purple flower with 4 sepals 

 and petals, and oval to oblongs petioled leaves. Flowers, in 

 loose clusters in the axils of the leaves, long-peduncled. Later 

 the bush is very brilliant, covered with its deeply lobed, crim- 

 son, drooping pods. From 6 to 14 feet high. 



Indigenous from New York southward, and frequently culti- 

 vated. 



ig. Alder-leaved Buckthorn 



Rhdmnus ainifolia. — Family, Buckthorn. Color, greenish. 

 Leaves, oval, prominently veined, acute at both ends or rounded 

 at base, toothed. Tifne, June. 



Petals, none. Calyx-lobes, 5, its tube cup-shaped. Stamens, 

 5. Fruit, 3-seeded, black, fleshy, pear-shaped. Flotvers, in 

 the axils of the lower leaves, in clusters, staminate and pistil- 

 late, often on separate plants. Shrub low and spreading, with 

 stout, leafy stems 3 or 4 feet high, in swamps or wet grounds. 



20. Carolina Buckthorn 



R. Caroliniana may be found in New Jersey swamps. It 

 has narrow leaves, 3 to 5 inches long, pinnately veined, with 

 flowers in umbel-like clusters or solitary in the axils of the 

 leaves. Flowers with cheir parts in fives appearing in June. 

 Sometimes becomes a small tree. 



