CLASSIFICATION. 



{endosperm, albumen) of the macrospore formed before fertili- 

 zation and producing rudimentary archegonia near the 

 micropyle. Classes (I). — Cycadineaa (Cycads or Fern -palms) 

 p. 56 ; (II). — Coniferae (Pines, Cypress, etc.) p. 57; (III;. — 

 Gnetine® (Shrubs, sometimes scandent) p. 57." 



Sub-division II.— Angiospermae. 



Plants of very various habit (including all the wild trees 

 and shrnbs of Chota Nagpur except one). Fls. 1-2 -sexual 

 usually furnished with a perianth. Carpels infolded so that 

 the edges unite, or several carpels in one whorl united to one 

 another, in both cases to form a one- or more-celled closed 

 chamber or ovary. Ovules enclosed in the ovary, so that the 

 pollen grains are unable to directly come in contact with the 

 ovule, and fertilization is effected by the pollen tubes growing 

 through a special conducting tissue of the carpel, which is 

 often prolonged into a style bearing the stigma, or organ for 

 the reception of the pollen grains, (the styles of the several 

 carpels may be free or connate, or absent ; if absent the stigma 

 is sessile). Macrospore (embryo-sac) before fertilization 

 contains nuclei but no distinct prothallial tissue or archegonia. 

 An endosperm is formed after fertilization. Classes (I;. — 

 Dicotyledoneae (contains most trees and shrubs) ; (II). — Mono- 

 cotyledoneae (contains the Palms, Bamboos, etc.) (p. 53). 



Class I.— Dicotyleledonere or Dicotyledons (p. 57). 



Plants of which the embryo has two seed-leaves or 

 cotyledons. Those often expand as the first green leaves of 

 the plant, as in the mustard, bean, castor-oil, Grewia, Gmelina, 

 etc., or they may remain in the seed and are then usually 

 very thick and fleshy, e.g., the Mohwa tree (Bassia). Rarely 

 there are three cotyledons, e.g., sometimes in Terminalia 

 Arjuna. 



The dicotyledons comprise the great majority of flowering plants, and 

 practically all our forest trees. They usually have the venation of the 

 leaf reticulate or much branched. Externally the arborescent for ms are 



49 



