► 37. BHAMNACJZM. [ 1. Zizyphcb. 



under J* long, Fls. ±-l" diam. on pedicels longer than the pedunclo. 

 Petals minute spathulate reflexed white concave. Ovary fells 2 and style 

 2-fid. Fruit globose or sometimes (in gardens) ellipsoid with a 2-celled 

 stone, yellow, shining. 



The fruit is eaten and a drink is prepared from the snn-dried fruits. 

 Var. fruticosa, (Sp ?) Janumjan, Ho. ; Bakura (in the 

 Bible translation ' Baknla') M t ; Kurit-rarna, (Vulture's 

 talons), 8. 



A densely branched thorny shnrb 3-4 ft. high. L. often 

 symmetrical f-1^ 7 elliptic to sub-orbicular minutely serru- 

 late or with 3-moie coarse teeth near the apex. Fruit 

 globose yellow or red shining £-^" diam. 



Common, sometimes gregarious. Singbhum, Manbhum, usually in 

 waste open places, railway embankments, etc. 



Fl. Avg.'Sept. Fr. Dec.-Fehv. Evergreen. In some respects it 

 appears to come very near to Z. nummularia, with which it is sometimes 

 confounded. 



Thorns geminate, one straight slender f-|* long, the other much 

 ihorter curved. Petiole^ tV«' / - Cymes sessile. Flowers £-£* diam. 

 rarely 4-merous. La other respects exactly as in the tree form. 



Largely used for fencing. The fruit is eaten, but after being dried 

 and pounded is chiefly used for a sherbert in the hot weather. 



2. Z. GEnoplia, Mill. Dathora, Kh-arw. ; Makai, R. ; 

 Siaknl, Beng. 



A straggling shrub or a large climber with single hooked 

 (or rarely geminate) spines obliquely ovate or oblong-ovate 

 leaves 1-2J" with copious brown silky addressed bairg 

 beneath, few-flowered axillary cymes and small black 

 succulent fruits. Stone rugose compressed 1-setded. 



Not very common in Singbhum. Freauent in Gangpur, where it often 

 festoons large trees, also in Manbhum, Hazaribagh, Ranchi, Palamau and 

 the Santal Parganas. 



Fl. June- July, Fr. Nov.-Vec. Evergreen or nearly so. EenewB 

 leaves March-April according to Srandis. 



Branchlets brown-tomentose. Spines usually solitary small and 

 hooked, if geminate 1 nearly straight. L. a^ute and cuspidate or 

 sub-acuminate entiro or faintly crenate with a very oblique 3-5-nerveo 

 base and very slender oblique silky sec. nervee. Petioles slender £-$". 

 Cym?* under*" long. Pet. cucullate. Ovary 2-celled. Fruit edible £" 

 diam. 



270 



