1 Zizyphus. ] 37. REAMNACEJB. 



A monstrous form is common bearing dense fascicles of small branches 

 and tiny leaves, probably due to fungus attack. 



3. Z. vulgaris. Lamk. 



A small thorny tree with ovate -lanceolate quite glabrous 

 leaves and dark red or black ellipsoid drupes J- J* long. 



The only reoord of this from Chota Na^pur is in "Wood's list, whAye'he 

 gives " Santalia " as a locality. He also gives, however, the Santa! name 

 " Kuritrama" for it. quoting Campbell and Watt as the authority. As a 

 matter of fact, however, this name is given by Campbell and Watt for 

 7>, oxypbylla. Edaew., to which species the shrubby form of Z Jujuba was 

 referred. I think it very probable therefore that Z. vulgaris does not occur 

 in our area. It is certainly nut wild there. 



4. Z. xylopyra* Willd. Karkata, K.; Karkat. S.j Kankor, 

 Kharw. ; Kat-ber, H. ; Ghont, Mai. P.; Goit. Bhumij. 



A small usually straggling and thorny tree (old trees 

 nearly thornless) with broadly elliptic or ovate leaves 11-3* 

 long more or less permanently pubescent beneath. The small 

 peduncled cymose clusters of green flowers are borne in the 

 axils of the bright green leaves of the new shoots or are 

 panicled on lateral branches. Ripe fruits globose 1-lf * diam., 

 flesh dry and mealy. 



An exceedingly common small tree especially on the drier hills on a 

 clay soil. 



The young plants are very bushy and very thorny with small leaves 

 and sharp geminate spines. 



Fl. April- June with the young shoots (so far as I have observed', but 

 many herbarium specimens bear dates from November onwards,. The 

 fruits ripen in January or up to a year after flowering. Deciduous and 

 renews its leaves April-May. 



New leaves and shoots tomentose often unarmed. L. glabrescdttt 

 above or somewhat permanently pubescent on the narves, obtuse, 

 serrulate, rounded or subcordate at the somewhat oblique 3-nerved base. 

 Cymes \-\" tomentose, or leafless flexuous panicles up to 4". Fls. ^-£" 

 diam. sometimes 4-merous. Pet' spathulate hooded. Disc flat persistent. 

 Style shortly 2-4 fid, very minute at first, ovary quichly rising above the 

 disc on fertili7ation and style elongating Fruit sometimes tomentose, 2-4 

 usually 3-celled. Roxburgh says that the three valves of the nut separate 

 when this has been for sometime exposed to the weather. 



The fruit and bark are employed in tanning The kernel of the fruit 

 is eaten. The wood is said to be hard and durable and is one of the woods 

 Tised for obtaining fire by friction. 



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