2. Ventilago. j 37. EEAMNACHJS. [3. Goujnu. 



yellow-green flowers £" diam. arranged in interrupted panicles. 

 The winged fruit is seated upon the disc-like remains of the 

 calyx. 



Chiefly along streams in Singbhum ; Santal P. Fl. Sept.-March- Fr. 

 March. Evergreen. 



L. 3-5£* by l|-2i", often crenate or crenate-serrate, with 6-8 pairs of 

 very slender, but distinct sec. nerves and very fine numerous parallel 

 tertiary nerves. Petiole £". Calyx-lobes shorter than the tube. PetaU 

 ehovate-spathulate embracing the stamena A", mid-rib produced. "Wing 

 of fruit linear oblong 1-2'' long coriaceous, glabrous. 



Bark yields a good cordage fibre. The seeds are said to be eaten when 

 cooked and the oil expressed from them is used in cooking. The circi- 

 nate woody tendrils are worn as charms by the Santals, Campbell, 



Var. calycalata, Tulasne (sp.). 



f This has been united with the last by King and the vernacular names 

 are the same. The leaves are often ovate with an acute base, crenate 

 and permanently pubescent. Panicles densely pubescent. Nut girt about 

 the middle by th6 rim of the adnate calyx-tube. Wing often £"' broad 

 oblong pubescent surmounted by the two arms of the style. 



Frequent in Singbhum, Manbhum, Palamau, Santal P. 



Fl. Sept.-Nov. (Feb.-March on some authorities). Fr. March- April. 



3. Gouania, L. 



1. G- leptOStachya^ D..C. Bitkil-chand, 8. 



A rambling or climbing shrub with green branches., often 

 ending in tendrils, green flowers fascicled on. the rachis of 

 simple or panicled terminal racemes, and 3-winged capsular 

 fruits. 



Valleys in Singbhum, not very common ; Dalbhum, Gamble ! ; Jaspur 

 Wood ; Santal P. (barhsit). 



Fl. Aug.- Sept. Fr. Nov.-Dec. Nearly leafless and renews leaves 

 March-April. 



L. broadly ovate cordate coarsely crenate 2J-4T by l|-4£" shining above 

 nearly glabrous except on the 6-7 pairs of strong nerves. The lowest 

 pair basal, crenatures glandular. Petiole l-2£''. Racemes 6- > 8'' pubescent. 

 PetaU hooded over the stamens. Ovary sunk in the disc 3-celled. Fruit 

 inferior, coriaceous, %-%" long, broader than long, top emarginate crowned 

 by the calyx, splitting through the wings into 3 cocci each with a black 

 shining compressed broadly ovate-oblong seed £''. 



273 



