1. Pipeb.] 60. P1PEUACEM. [1. Abistolochia. 



leaf-opposed or terminal spikes. Spikes usually with thick 

 rachis and peltate bracts sometimes adnate to and decurrenfc 

 on the rachis. Perianth 0. Stamens usually 2-3, rarely 1, 

 4 or 6. Ovary 1-celled, with 2-5 stigmas. Ovule 1 erect 

 orthotropous. Fruit fleshy. 



1. P. longum, L. Narjom red, Ralli red, K. ; Ralli, S. 

 Long pepper. 



A creeping and ramblimg herb with distant alt. long- 

 petioled or sessile cordate shining leaves with a seven-nerved 

 base. M. spikes yellow about 3" long. F. spikes J-f*. 



Moist places tinder dense shade in Singbhum (Saranda and Porahat) 

 Manbhnm, Camp.-, S. P., (Silingi) not common. Fls. Aug.-Dec. Ft. 

 Jany.-Feby. 



Quite glabrous, or pubescent above. Lower leaves V by 4'' deeply 

 cordate acute with petiole 3 7 . Upper smaller and narrower nearly 

 sessile and amplexicaul. Peduncles 1-1|. Bracts stalked peltate. 

 Fruiting spikes sub-erect with berries T y diam. 



Both the root and fruit are used medicinally. They are stimulant 

 and carminative, and used for cough. Campbell says that the root is 

 used to ferment rice beer. 



Piper Betle, L. The Pan is occasionally cultivated in grass green 

 houses in Palamau. 



Fam. 61. ARISTOLOCHIACE^E. 



1. Aristoloclria, L. 



Climbing herbs or shrubs with simple entire alternate 

 exstipulate leaves, usually palmi-nerved with cordate base. 

 Base of petiole dilated or decurrent on the stem. Flowers 

 2-sexual very zygomorphic, haplostemonous with petaloid 

 gamopetalous perianth tube inflated at the base and 

 constricted above the staminal column, hairy within. St. 6 

 fused into a column (gynostenium)with the style above the 

 inferior 6-celled ovary. Placentas parietal meeting in tbe 

 axis. Ovules many horizontal. Fruit capsular, usually 

 dehiscing from the base. 



384 



