86 PINACEAE 
the fascicles (bundles) of the more ordinary needle-formed leaves. These 
last spring from short, woody pedicels (short branchlets) and each group 
is surrounded at the base by a fibrous sheath. The scale leaves fall as the 
others attain their growth. The bundles contain each from 2 to 5 leaves, 
the number depending on the species. Both pollen flowers and ovules in 
cones, the first smaller than the others and situated more terminally. 
The pines are mostly large trees with branches in whorls at regular 
intervals. The number of leaves in the bundles aids us in determining the 
species. 
Leaves in fascicles of 2’s. 
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Leaves 2 to 24 in. long Petes o> Ako G4 Le eee 
Beaves about x in. Jong, stout and thick |. 2%) «= see 2. aivaricar 
Leaves in fascicles of 2’s or 3’s. 
Leaves 24 to 4 in, long, stout and rigid <2. 3) ao ©. = ee puncens 
Leaves 3 to 5 in. long, slender and flexible. 
(ones? pyramidal or iconic) |. <= i ei anata CoA een atten 
ones; globose sor short ‘oval: ., <) i) je cilen ne SEES stn ne) eee eeneonare 
Weaves), (6 to-8 an. long S .. 4 & “<a ren tou ie Minteunte mains nme ee ercasien 
Peaveso in fascicles, (Of “578°. 6 «) ‘co. © ‘© «| (ol) Nolmiley nclisEamnN Sat mES>LOUZES 
1. P. resinosa, Ait. (Fig. 2, pl. 2.) Canapran PinE. Rep PINE. 
A very large tree. Cones oval with a rounded base, 13 to 2 in. long, 
near the ends of the branches. Bark reddish, flaky. Common in the 
northern half of our area, 
2. P. virginiana, Mill. (Fig. 3, pl. 2.) Jersey Pine. Scrus PINs. 
(P. inops, Ait.) Usually a small tree (20 to 30 ft. high), ungraceful in 
form, bark rough. Pollen cones 1/3 in. long, terminal; ovule cones at 
base of young branches, oval, 1 to 2 in. long, curved, scales with slender 
prickles. Rare north of Long Island. (Wadhams, N. Y., also Jay, 
N. Y.—G. T. 8.) 
3. P. divaricata, (Ait.) Gord. (Fig. 4, pl. 2.) Lasrapor PINE. 
Scrusp Pine. Gray Pine. (P. Banksiana, Lamb.) Sometimes a very 
tall tree, sometimes a tree of medium height, but often short and scrubby. 
Bark rough. Leaves may vary from # to 2 in. long, curved, diverged, with 
sharp points. Sheaths of fascicles quite short. Cones, long oval, the 
scales with minute prickles. Sandy soil, forming extensive forests, 
northern N. Y. and W. New England. 
4. P. pungens, Michx. Tarte Mounratn Pine. Large tree. Leaves 
mostly in 2’s, sheath of leaves 5/12 to 8/12 in. long. Cones oval, scales 
with awl-like spines at extremities which curve downward. Mountains 
in southern part of our area and further south. 
5. P. echinata, Mill. Yetrrow Pine. Very large forest tree. Cones 
pyramidal, about 2 in. long, extremities of scales of cone with small, 
straight spines, which do not curve downward. Southern part of our area 
and southward. 
6. P. rigida, Mill. (Fig. 5, pl. 2.) Pitcnu Prine. A forest tree 50 
to 80 ft. high. Leaves stout and stiff. Cones ovoid to globular, 1 to 2 in. 
long. Scales wedge-shaped, each with a recurved spine. Common, espe- 
cially in what are known as “ Pine Barrens.” 
7. P. Taeda,L. Op Fietp Pine. Large forest tree in the southern 
states, only rarely in the southern section of our region. Pollen cones 
