90 TYPHACEAE 
Flower, as a rule, 3 parted in its various divisions, thus, the 
perianth consists of 3+3 parts, all of which may have the appear- 
ance of petals, but which structurally may be regarded as being 
3 petals and 3 sepals. There are two rows of stamens, one row of 
which may not be fully developed. Although there is usually but 
one pistil, it divides at the base into an ovary of 3 divisions. Most 
of the plants of the first two orders vary in several respects from 
the prevailing type. 
Order I—PANDANALES. Naked Flowering Plants 
Flowers without a proper floral envelope. Stamens and pistils 
in different groups. These groups consist either in dense cylin- 
dric spikes or in ball-shaped masses. Instead of a floral envelope 
each staminate and each pistillate flower composing the dense 
mass of a spike is surrounded by a few hairs (in Typhaceae) or by 
small scales (in Sparganiaceae). They are all marsh plants with 
creeping root-stalks and grow in clusters. 
Flowers arranged in dense cylindric masses. . TYPHACEAE 
Flowers arranged in rounded heads. . . SPARGANIACEAE 
Famity I.— TYPHACEAE. Car Tart FAMILY 
Tall marsh plants with very long linear leaves and tall flower 
stalks bearing at the summit two cylindric flower masses, the more 
slender cylinder containing the staminate flowers above, the 
thicker and more conspicuous, the pistillate flowers, below. 
TYPHA, 'L. 
Cylinder of pistillate flowers 5 to 8 in. long, that of the staminate 
about the same length. Flowers immensely numerous. ‘The bristles, 
which alone represent the floral envelope, enclose, in staminate flowers, 
groups of 2 to 7 stamens each, One (rarely more) pistil may also be 
enclosed by a single set of bristles. 
l. T. latifolia, L. (Fig. 2, pl. 3.) Broap-Leavep Cat Tat. The 
slender straight stems are from 5 to 8 ft. high, leaves as high or higher. 
The flower cylinders become dark velvety brown. The staminate cylinder 
extends down to and is in contact with the other, but the division may 
be distinctly seen. Marshes throughout the country. 
2. T. angustifolia, L. (Fig. 1, pl. 3.) NARROW-LEAVED CAT TAIL. 
