ARROW GRASS FAMILY 103 
yellowish-green, with 4 to 6 segments to the perianth, on a tall, 
slender, round scape, arranged in spindle-shaped cluster (raceme). 
Stamens 6 or 4. Carpels 6 or 3. 
1. TRIGLOCHIN, L. 
Characters as above. 
1. T. palustris, L. Marsu.Arrow Grass. Leaves linear, 5 to 12 
in. long, tapering to sharp point. The naked flower scape 8 to 20 in. 
high. Flowers erect on the scape, nearly 4 in. long and 1/16 in. wide. 
Segments of perianth 6. Anthers 6. Fruit of 3 carpels joined, linear 
club-shaped. In marshes. New York and northward. 
2. T. maritima, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 6.) Seasme Arrow Grass. A 
large species 3 to 2 ft. high. Flower stem much longer than leaves. 
Raceme often 15 in. or more in length. Fruit ovate or ovoid, of 6 united 
carpels. Salt marshes and lake shores. New Jersey and northward. 
2. SCHEUCHZERIA, L. 
Marsh plant with leafy stem. Leaves half round below, grass like 
above, with broad membraneous sheath at base. Flower stem with long 
leafy bracts, each flower growing from the axil of a bract. Flowers 
greenish, perianth of 6 segments. Stamens 6, ovaries 3, radiating. 
iS. palustris, L. (Fig. 8, pl. 6.) ScurucuzEr1a. A rush-like plant 
8 in. to 1 ft. high. Leaves 4 to 6 in. long. The sheath of the basal 
leaves is often 4 in. long. Bays throughout our area. 
Famity IV.—ALISMACEAE. Water PLANTAIN FAMILY 
Marsh or aquatic plants with showy flowers borne in whorls on 
scape-like stems, which arise at the root, with sheathing leaves, 
also arising from the root, and with flowers with stamens and pis- 
tils on the same flower or on different flowers on the same stem. 
Petals 3, white, sepals 3, green. Stamens 6 or more. Ovaries 
numerous. ‘The leaves are found on long leaf-stalks and are 
strongly marked by the nerves which arise and terminate at the 
ends of the leaf. The blade of the leaf is in some species reduced 
to a grass-like or strap-shaped extension of the leaf-stalk. 
1. ALISMA, L. 
Flowers numerous, small, white or rosy, in elongated clusters con- 
sisting of several whorls, arranged on the scape which arises from the 
root. Flowers with both stamens and pistils. Leaves all from the root. 
1. A, Plantago-aquatica, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 7.) Water PLANTAIN. 
Leaves all at the base, spreading, broad egg-shaped with 5 to 7 nearly 
parallel or elliptically arranged nerves. Leaf stalk longer than the leaf. 
Flowers on a stem 6 to 30 in. tall, arranged in a loose pyramidal cluster 
composed of numerous smaller fan-shaped clusters of whorls, each made 
up of 3 to 10 flowers on slender individual flower stalks an inch or more 
in length. Swampy places or shallow water, Common, June-October, 
