138 LILIACEAE 
Herbs arising from a horizontal rootstock. Stems not branching, slender. 
Leaves without leaf stalks, alternate, ovate or lance-shaped, with slender 
points. Flowers in pairs, or 3 or 4 from a common stalk, the common 
flower stalks arising at the axils of the leaves. Berry dark blue. 
1. P. biflorum, (Walt.) Ell. (Fig. 3, pl. 12.) Hatry SoLomon’s 
Seat. Plant hairy, } to 3 ft. high. Common. In woods and shady places. 
April-July. 
2. P. commutatum, (R. & S.) Dietr. (Fig. 4, pl. 12.) SmoorH 
SoLomon’s SEAL. Plant entirely smooth, 1 to 8 ft. high. In moist woods, 
New Hampshire, Rhode Island and southward. May-July. 
8. MEDEOLA, L. 
Slender, erect herb arising from a tubrous root, without branches, stem 
surrounded, at about the middle, by a whorl of about 6 or more leaves 
and terminated above by another whorl of 3 to 5 leaves which are sur- 
rounded by several greenish-yellow flowers. Perianth of 6 re-curving seg- 
ments; stamens 6, slender and conspicuous; styles 3, dark red, much 
longer than the segments of the perianth and spreading. Berry globose. 
M. virginiana, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 14.) INnp1AN CucumBer Root. Plant 
from 1 to 24 ft. high. The 3 or 4 flowers may rise above the upper whorl 
or droop between its leaves. Moist rich woods. Common. May-June. 
g. TRILLIUM, L. 
Herbs arising from tubrous roots or short rootstocks, with simple stems 
surmounted by a whorl of 3 broad leaves and a single flower. Flower of 
6 segments, 3 green, 3 colored. Stamens 6; ovary 3-angled and 3-celled. 
Leaves on leaf-stalks. 
Plant "eetow 611. sbigh v0 4, 8 0c sie co ee rene Ses T. nivale 
Plant 8 to 24 in. high . aint acl hank oes, Ue at ee 
Leaves without leaf a5 or with very ” short ‘ones. 
Petals broadest at outer extremity . . . . . . «. ~. JT. grandiflorum 
Petals broadest at inner extremity. 
Pedicel of flower not more than 14 in. long . . . . . T. cernuum 
Pedicel of flower more than 17 in. long . .. . . . TJ. erectum 
1. T. grandiflorum, (Michx.) Salisb. (Fig. 1, pl. 14.) Larae- 
FLOWERED WAKE-ROBIN. Petals broadest at outer extremity, white or 
light rose with greenish veins, and much longer than the green sepals. 
Flower nearly erect, larger and less spreading than the other species. 
Stem 8 to 18 in. high. Somewhat common. In moist woods or lowlands. 
May-June. 
2. T. erectum, L. (Fig. 2, pl. 14.) ILL-ScENTED WAKE-ROBIN. 
Petals broadest at inner extremity, and scarcely exceeding the green 
sepals in length or even shorter, an inch long and twice as wide as the 
sepals, spreading to a wheel-formed flower. Flower nodding on a nearly 
erect peduncle, dark purple. Stem a foot or more high. Common in 
moist woods. April-June. 
3. T. cernuum, L. Noppinc WaKeE-RoBIN. Leaves more rounded than 
either of the other species. Petals white, rather longer than the green 
sepals, lance-shaped. Flowers spreading with petals rolled back, Stem 
10 to 15 in, high, 
