178 JUGLANDACEAE 
Famity IIJ.—JUGLANDACEAE. Watnut Famity 
Trees, the leaves of which are alternate and each consisting of 
several leaflets (compound leaves). Stipules none. Flowers in 
simple catkins or, in case of the pistillate flowers, solitary or in 
a group of several at the end of a shoot of the season. Perianth 
formed on the typical plan of 4 lobes for the pistillate flowers and 
3 to 6 for the staminate ones. 
Fruit a hard nut, rounded or egg-shaped, the woody husk or 
case enclosing a hard nut within which is the oily meat or seed. 
Staminate catkins single . : . . . « « SUglame 
Staminate catkins im 38 . . . « » © » « © Oanm 
1, JUGLANS, L. 
Compound, pinnate, leaves, the leaflets arranged opposite along the 
main leaf stalk, except the terminal leaflet which is alone. Staminate 
flowers in long drooping cylindric catkins, which hang singly. Fertile 
flowers in small cluster or solitary. 
l. J. cinerea, L. (Fig. 3, pl. 25.) Burrernur. Leaflets 7 to 16 
pairs with an odd one, narrow egg-shaped or oblong lance-shaped; pointed 
at apex, notched borders, rounded at base; smooth above, soft hairy 
beneath. Fruit a long egg-shaped nut, the woody case being roughened 
by irregular deep ridges, the kernel double and irregular. Nut occurs 
singly or in groups of 2 to 4. A broad tree well known for its oily 
nuts. Bark light gray, not rough. April-May. 
2. J. nigra,L. (Fig. 1, pl. 25.) Buack WaLnut. Leaflets 7 to 11 
pairs and an odd one, resembling those of former species but more taper- 
ing at apex and somewhat heart-shaped at base. Smooth above, some- 
what downy beneath. Fruit spherical, outer husk roughly dotted, woody 
shell corrugated. Bark brown, rough. <A large tree. April-May. 
2. CARYA, Nutt. (Hicoria, Raf.) 
Trees, often very large (80 to 120 ft. high), with pinnately compound 
leaves, resembling the former genus. The staminate catkins which, in 
Juglans are single, are in Carya in clusters of 3's. Fruit spherical to 
oblong, consisting of a woody husk, a hard shell within this and an 
irregular kernel or seed within the shell of the nut. The number of 
leaflets varies in different species, being few in Nos. 5 and 6, and numer- 
ous (7 to 13) in the other species. 
1. C. cordiformis, (Wang.) K. Koch. Brrrer Nur. Swamp Hick- 
ory. Leaflets 7 to 9, 3 to 6 in, long. Fruit sub-globose, husk narrowly 
6 ridged, splitting tardily into 4 valves. Nut not angled, white, 1 in. 
long. ‘Kernel bitter. Moist woods, swamps, throughout our region. 
2. C. ovata, Mill. (Fig. 4, pl. 25.) Smac-parK Hickory. Bark 
shaggy. Leaflets 5, rarely 7, oblong, 4 to 6 in. long. Fruit sub-globose 
1} to 24 in. long. Husk splitting early into 4 valves; nut white, angular, 
pointed. Kernel sweet. New England and westward. 
